Objectification Of Women And Women - 1462 Words

Objectification of women works with benevolent sexism to further oppress women in the media through its effects on self-esteem and well-being. Rollero’s (2013) article â€Å"Men and women facing objectification: The effects of media models on well-being, self-esteem and ambivalent sexism† examines media representations of men and women and how they are related to levels of sexism and psychological well-being. The literature on objectification has mostly indicated the connection between viewing objectified media representations and women’s body displeasure and motivation to achieve a slim body. The goal of the current study was to further past research by studying the effects of objectified media images –considering both male and female models– on psychological well-being, self-regard, and support of sexist states of mind. 166 undergraduates (51.8% males) participated in the study. Results indicated that objectification of men lessened men’s h appiness, whereas objectification of women was more damaging because it lessens women’s happiness, appeal and social self-confidence. Furthermore, objectification of women affects men’s validation of sexist attitudes, increasing aggression toward women while decreasing aggression direct to men. Typically, only women are examined in studies of objectification. The inclusion of both male and female effects in the article makes it unique in comparison to other similar studies. Furthermore, the inclusion of both males and females allows forShow MoreRelatedWomen Objectification Of Women1524 Words   |  7 PagesImages of females are everywhere. The image of females portrayed through advertising for the most part gives off a negative message to girls who struggle with body image and even women who want to look a particular way. The most negative message that advertising portrays is objectification of women and violence towards them. Women and girls need to recognize the tru e meaning behind the advertisements that we see in all aspects of media. They should not allow themselves to be objectified in any way, norRead MoreObjectification Of Women : Women1377 Words   |  6 PagescResearch Paper Slavens  1 Kayla Slavens Mrs. Wiest English 131 22 October 2014 Objectification of Women The objectification of women can simply be defined as â€Å"seeing and/or treating a [women] as an object† instead of a human being (Papadaki). Women today are portrayed as objects because of the overexposure of erotic images and scenarios in society’s media, social networking and their expectations. Say someone is buying something from the local grocery store. While they are in line they notice magazinesRead MoreWomen s Objectification Of Women3147 Words   |  13 Pages Objectification of Women in Media An Assignment Submitted by Name of Student Name of Establishment Objectification of Women in Media Introduction The mass media, in all the diversity, prevail in the contemporary society. Indeed, media technologies, as a means for mass communication, are, virtually, unavoidable, especially with the introduction of new mobile devices that enable constant access to Internet. On the one hand, the ubiquity of media enhances their attributed role as a major informationRead MoreWomen s Objectification Of Women Essay2220 Words   |  9 PagesMen’s objectification of women is a disabling act that reduces women to be considered good for no other purpose than to serve as a source of visual pleasure for their observers. It results in speculation regarding the ability of women to actually be of use to society, in any way other than merely being there as physical manifestations of beauty for men to feast upon. All emphasis is placed on the outer self and this leads to the wider belief that this is a woman’s only purpose. Thus, the potentialRead MoreThe Objectification Of Black Women1378 Words   |  6 PagesThe Objectification of Black Women â€Å"No other group in America has so had their identity socialized out of existence as have Black women†¦ when Black people are talked about the focus tends to be on Black men; and when women are talked about the focus tends to be on white women.† - Bell Hooks Imagine not being in total control of your own life, having someone else tell you what you can and cannot do. Being a prisoner and constantly being policed everyday and every second in a world that does not wantRead MoreThe Oversexualization And Objectification Of Women1528 Words   |  7 PagesThe Oversexualization and Objectification of Women On all platforms of media, women and even young girls are oversexualized; thus leading to men viewing women as no more than breasts, vaginas, legs, or any other body part they prefer. Even in current television shows, movies, comic books, and advertisements, women are still depicted as sexual objects, which can damage a woman’s confidence. The oversexualization of women s bodies can degrade a young woman’s confidence, and when girls try to boostRead MoreMedia Objectification of Women1389 Words   |  6 PagesMedia Objectification of Women â€Å"Dreamworlds 3† To be sociologically mindful is to look for patterns in the society, observe all sides of the social life, ask questions, and seek answers. Being sociologically mindful can lead us to looking into matters that are complex and allow us the opportunity to understand the mechanism behind the division of our society. Race and gender seems to be the most obvious divide lines for this society. While race can sometimes be overlooked in society, discriminationRead MoreThe Sexual Objectification Of Women1403 Words   |  6 PagesWomen have been objectified, and in many cases, insulted or degraded, for decades. It is important to note that to objectify means to â€Å"degrade to the status of a mere object† (Oxford). With the rapid increase of technology, advertising in the media, social media, and the internet, there has been a tremendous increase in the sexual objectification of women. In many aspects, digital images play a major role in the sexual objectification of women. The majori ty of these images consist of advertisementsRead MoreEffects Of The Objectification Of Women3623 Words   |  15 Pages Effects of the Objectification of Women in Music: Societal Acceptance of Permissive Sexual Attitudes Christian Herrera Huntington University Author Note This paper was prepared for Mass Communication taught by Dr. Kevin Miller. Abstract In recent years, three firms have taken control of over 75 percent of the music industry: Universal Music Group, Sony Music, and Warner Music Group (McIntosh Pavlik, 2004, p. 99). Because these record labels do not profit from music styles thatRead MoreThe Permissive Objectification of Women1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Permissive Objectification of Women The poems â€Å"On Sharing a Husband† and â€Å"Things Cheaply Had† illustrate the struggle of women to survive in a male dominated culture. Both poems express a straightforward idea of the objectification of women in two distinct cultures. A close investigation of imagery and diction in both poems reveal the permissive nature of the objectification of women. In accordance, both poems do not hide the idea of being objectified, but conceals the idea of a need to

Discrimination And Stratification During The Nineteenth...

In the nineteenth century America was flourishing; it was coasting on new inventions and ideas like the cotton gin, steam engine and manifest destiny. However, through this all, the balance of social and economical order was being weighed in favor of the wealthy and powerful. All American societies dating way back to the very first at Jamestown and Plymouth, have had social stratifications. As the population has grown in America, and the capacity for industry and wealth increased, the stratification has only become more staggering. There is a natural tendency for dominance, power, and greed amongst millions of Americans. This is tendency is prevalent going all the way back to the nineteenth century. This said tendency for dominance and power, is a prime factor of discrimination and stratification. In the nineteenth century, as the wealthy grew wealthier, and the poor grew poorer, there was a great overlying debate over the social class and economic differences and their justifi cation. Some defended this difference in social and economic standing. These included social darwinists, slave owners, and the richest of monopolizers. Others, like abolitionists and social reform groups, challenged this idea of a staggering social and economic order. Each faction gathered used a whole array of ideas to prove their points. In the nineteenth century, many Americans challenged the stratification of the economic and social order using moral, scientific, and philosophical ideas,Show MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination During The 20th Century3606 Words   |  15 Pagesfive million Africans and brought them back to Brazil to work on sugar plantations, creating a power dynamic that has lasted for centuries. After nearly four hundred years of slavery, freed black men and women were left with no education, place to live, or family, placing them at an economic disadvantage from the beginning. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, following emancipation, whit e men began to procreate with indigenous and African women, creating a mixed or mulatto race, whichRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of August Strindberg s Play Miss Julie1706 Words   |  7 PagesWhen they look at a scenario involving two people they are interested in who is winning, who is losing, and how the shifting power struggles influence the outcome of the interaction. According to Federico in Sociology: Second Edition, social stratification is â€Å"a system for ranking individuals and groups who share unequally in the distribution of wealth, prestige, and power,† it is used as a way of classifying a persons role in their society (552). The social structure Strindberg has delineated inRead MoreSocial Stratification : Racial Stratification1878 Words   |  8 Pages#000824068 Week 16 May 6, 2016 Sociology Final Project Stratification 1.1: Racial Stratification Social stratification, as described by our textbook, is the structuring of inequalities between groups in society, in terms of their access to material or symbolic rewards. Essentially, social stratification ranks people in a society in a vertical arrangement, also known as a hierarchy, which defines them as superior or inferior. In terms of racial stratification, this means that some populations that share certainRead MoreKarl Marx and Marx Weber Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and Marx Weber The latter part of the nineteenth century was teeming with evolved social and economical ideas. These views of the social structure of industrial society came about through the development of ideals taken from past revolutions such as the Industrial Revolution which steamed ahead paving the way for growing commerce, and widened the gap between the classes. The developmentRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racial Discrimination1425 Words   |  6 Pagesof discrimination that are unintentional, such as making assumptions about preferences or abilities of others based on racial stereotypes, whether to include symbolic or institutionalized forms of discrimination such as the circulation of ethnic stereotypes through the media, and whether to include the sociopolitical dynamics of social stratification that sometimes have a racial component. In sociology and psychology, some definitions include only consciously malignant forms of discrimination. SomeRead MoreRabbit Proof Fence1412 Words   |  6 Pagesconform to the white population. Race and white supremacy are prevalent themes, as well as the struggle for power. Through Rabbit Proof Fence one is able to see the first hand negative effects of social stratification and cultural imperialism in a society. Moreover, social stratification is the ranking of people in a society. In Rabbit Proof Fence one’s race plays a key role in their ranking.    Race is a convenient cultural construction based on one’s skin type rather than phonotypical featuresRead MoreEssay on The Growing Battle for Womens Equality1519 Words   |  7 Pagesequality. The Second National Womens Rights Convention is held in 1851. In 1852 Susan B. Anthony sets up the Womens New York State Temperance Society, and Stanton acts as the president. In 1860 women fill in for men in the factories and stores during the Civil War. Anthony and Stanton draft a petition demanding for Congress to initiate an amendment to prohibit several states from disenfranchising any citizens on the grounds of sex in 1866. Then in 1869 the National Woman Suffrage AssociationRead MoreIndi a s Indian Caste System2031 Words   |  9 Pagessouthern Europe. Through Lieberson’s and Noel’s Model (1968), both consider the importance of initial group contact however the Aryans used Lieberson’s migrant subordination as well as being ethnocentric to the indigenous culture by creating a stratification system. When they first entered India, they met the Dravidians who they contrasted with both in their skin-color and in their cultures. The Aryans began conquering northern India, pushing the Indians farther south, and started to disrespect andRead More The Struggles of Mexicans in Mexican-American History Essay2031 Words   |  9 Pagessettlements throughout the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries induced Mestizaje, the outcome of racial interbreeding. Mestizaje was the product of racial interbreeding with Indian, black, and mixed-blood women(Vargas 62). Due to the diverse mixture of races and color in the region, one’s social and legal s tatus depended on one’s skin color, which is a problem in Mexican history that can also be seen in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The lighter and therefore wealthier MexicansRead MoreRace And Ethnic Stratification Research Paper2992 Words   |  12 PagesEssay 2: Race and Ethnic Stratification Research Paper In 1957, Malaysia became an independent country and in 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act. Within seven years, the two countries underwent critical transformations from a history of systematic oppression to new freedoms. Both the United States and Malaysia are comprised of multiple ethnicities, races, and dynamics that define their social and economic relationships. Because of the timing of social and economic change

Jewish Celebrations Free Essays

Jewish Celebrations – Individual Questions 39†² blue]0111eranchers103 A. Briefly explain the significance of your celebration (historical events/key themes) Yom HaShoah, Or Holocaust Remembrance Day, iS a very important Jewish Holiday. IVS their day Of morning the victims and reflecting on the events that took place during the holocaust (January 30, 1933 – May 8, 1945). We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Celebrations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yom HaShoah gives them a chance to get together as a community or With their families to remember and pay respect to the 6 000 000 Jews Who died. Mourning, respect, and remembrance are defiantly the key themes to this day. B. Identify the time of year It is celebrated, plus the symbols and/or foods used during the celebrations? Yom HaShoah takes place on the 27th of the month of Nisan (March/April) and lasts only 1 day. Unless the 27th would be adjacent to Shabbat, n which case the date s shifted by a day. It marks the anniversary at the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Since t’s a relatively new holiday there arent actually that many ntuals or symbols. The only one I could find that was a symbol is the 6 candles that Jews light In their homes and in the synagogues that represent the six million Jews who were killed during the holocaust. Radio stations feature recitation of appropriate songs and readings. television stations play Holocaustthemed films or a program featuring Holocaust survivors sharing their stories. C. Read the scriptural passage that is related to your topic. Explain how the celebration is connected to the scriptural passage. Each synagogue celebrates it a little differently. It’s common that the Kaddish (on attached page) is recited, which is a prayer for the departed. Yom HaShoah is Remembrance Day of the holocaust, which is why the Kaddish is completely fitting. In recent years a new literary scroll has been created. This scroll iS called ‘Megillat Hashoah† (The Holocaust Scroll) created by the Conservative movement as a joint project Of rabbis and lay-leaders in Canada, the u. S. , and Israel. This Holocaust scroll contains personal recollections Of Holocaust survivors and iS written in biblical style. It’S becoming more common for this scroll to be read ‘n a ritual style on Vorn Hashoah_ some ceriornonies have people read from the book of names for certain lengths of time to give understanding of the huge numbers of victims. D. Why do you think it Is important for people to celebrate their past? In the sense of this holiday for Jewish people I think it’s Important to celebrate their past to remember all they have lost. and to be proud of all they have over come. Its also important to remember and celebrate their loved ones and the heroism ot there people. People must look back and learn about all aspect of history, good and bad, to ensure that the bad dont repeat ever again. By blueJollieranchers103 Yom Hashoah, or Holocaust Remembrance Day, is a very important Jewish Holiday. It’s their day of morning the victims and reflecting on the events that took place uring the holocaust Oanuary 30, 1933 – May 8, 1945). Yom Hashoah gives them a chance to get together as a community or with their families to remember and pay respect to the 6 000 000 Jews who died. Mourning, respect, and remembrance are B. Identify the time of year it is celebrated, plus the symbols and/or foods used Yom Hashoah takes place on the 27th of the month of Nisan (March/April) and lasts only 1 day. Unless the 27th would be adjacent to Shabbat, in which case the date is shifted by a day. It marks the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Since it’s a relatively new holiday there aren’t actually that many rituals or symbols. The only one I could find that was a symbol is the 6 candles that Jews light in their readings, television stations play Holocaust-themed films or a program featuring attached page) is recited, which is a prayer for the departed. Yom Hashoah is recent years a new literary scroll has been created. This scroll is called â€Å"Megillat Hashoah† (The Holocaust Scroll) created by the Conservative movement as a Joint project of rabbis and lay-leaders in Canada, the U. S. , and Israel. This Holocaust scroll ontains personal recollections of Holocaust survivors and is written in biblical style. It’s becoming more common for this scroll to be read in a ritual style on Yom Hashoah. Some Ceriomonies have people read from the book of names for certain D. Why do you think it is important for people to celebrate their past? In the sense of this holiday for Jewish people I think it’s important to celebrate their past to remember all they have lost, and to be proud of all they have over come. It’s also important to remember and celebrate their loved ones and the heroism of bad, to ensure that the bad don’t repeat ever again. How to cite Jewish Celebrations, Papers

Introduction to Marketing Power of Customers

Question: Discuss about the Introduction to Marketing for the Power of Customers. Answer: Introduction The marketing plan of a company focuses on increased brand image as well as reinforcement of the product in the mind of the customers. It is formulated to boost the levels of sales of a certain range of product of a company. However, in this study, marketing plan of 3M gloves will be discussed in a detailed manner. In the gloves range of 3M, Refinishing Gloves are selected for re-launch in the Australian market. 3M has huge varieties of products with a high brand reputation all over the world. The company is known for its quality and innovation in the market. 3M sells more than 4000 products in different countries of the world. The report will formulate a marketing plan for the re-launch of Refinishing Gloves in the market of Australia. It is found that the Refinishing gloves do not have popularity compared to same products of the competitors. The new plan will cover many aspects such as SWOT Analysis, micro, macro and internal environment analysis along with a detailed description o f the marketing plan. Apart from that, the new marketing plan will be formulated in an innovative way so that it can accomplish the marketing goals and objectives of the product at the strategic level. The target market chosen for formulating the marketing plan for is Australia. Situational Analysis Macro Environment Analysis Macro Environment Analysis for 3M Refinishing Gloves illustrates PESTEL Analysis. Political factors: Politically Australia is safe in nature. The multinational companies are investing in Australian subcontinent. The adaptability of the country to tackle the tough economic conditions is ranked first globally. The high rate of transparency and efficiency is maintained affecting business operations. Economic factors: GDP and per capita income of Australia is very high. Australia ranks the second position regarding average wealth. Switzerland holds the first position with the high market economy. Hence, it can be said that it is a wealthy country. 3M has the massive scope of re-launching its Refinishing gloves in the Australian market as the country is witnessing high economic growth last year (Papadopoulos and Heslop 2014). Social factors: As it is earlier mentioned that Australia is a wealthy country, people spend more for buying their necessary things. Social factors include culture, nature of the population of Australia. This environment is beneficial for the company for increasing the revenue by a substantial amount of sales of the Refinishing gloves. Technological factors: Australia is very developed regarding technical dimensions. The country has many companies in IT sector that have introduced many technical systems that improved the technical dearth in the nation. 3M can take this as an advantage in expanding its business operations all over Australia. These technologies will help in manufacturing and distribution of the products in the market (Zeriti et al. 2014). Environmental factors: Change in weather conditions, climate, and temperature, includes the environmental factors. Apart from that, pollution and global warming is a burning issue that can affect the productivity of 3M in their facility plants. However, there are many environmental protection acts that can create a positive impact on the profitability of the Refinishing Gloves of 3M (Ryan 2014). Legal factors: Trade laws and other tax laws are for the foreign companies. The government of Australia has given much leverage to the multinational corporations that have helped them in flourishing their trade across different parts of Australia. However, laws and regulations in certain circumstances can create an impact on the spending nature and buy behavior of Australian consumers. Laws of age discrimination and disability discrimination somehow create a negative impact on the business operations of 3M (Armstrong et al. 2014). Micro Environment Analysis The microenvironment of 3M Refinishing Gloves refers to customers, banks, people, suppliers, competitors, employees, distributors, media and trade unions. Trade unions of 3M have a dominant role in the manufacturing facility of 3M Refinishing gloves. Customers include the target customers for the specific product of the company. People include external public of Australia. It is the responsibility of the company to maintain a good reputation among the public of the country. The needs and demands of the public should be satisfied by Refinishing Gloves of 3M (Kotler et al. 2015). Quality and innovative products delivery to the customers is the main responsibility of the company towards its clients. Suppliers are vital for any business to run. The providers are responsible for the supply of raw materials to the facility site of the gloves of 3M. Banks are the financial institutions that help in financing the business of the company. The suppliers-company relation must be good so that th e productivity will be increased. It is the responsibility of the gloves division of 3M for giving privileges to the suppliers and distributors so that they remain loyal to the company (Warren 2015). Apart from that, competitors play a vital role in developing an effective marketing plan for the selected products. Media partners, in this case, play a critical role that helps in the promotion of the product in the Australian market. The company must select good media partners that are responsible for the promotion of the Refinishing gloves among the target market. Internal Environment Analysis Internal environment analysis includes Mc Kinseys 7S model. Strategy: It can be divided into long term and short term strategy. However, the marketing plan of 3M refinishing gloves is short term in nature. Structure: Structure describes the organization chart of the company. 3M has the clean structure of reporting to the immediate supervisors. The marketing department can report to the strategic team or the senior management if any changes are required in the re-launching plan of the product in the market (Gonzalez-Padron et al. 2016). Style: It refers to the leadership style followed by the leaders within the company. The enterprise is known for its famous leaders that manage its innovation. Leaders of the business, especially in the marketing team, will follow participative leadership so that everybody can take part in formulating the plan for re-launch of the product in the Australian market. Staff: The employees of the marketing team along with the other department are competent enough for the formulation of the marketing plan. 3M is a global company with a high brand reputation (Chernev 2015). Systems: The business processes included in the enterprise are termed as systems that are responsible for effective performance in the workplace. Skills: It includes various technical, interpersonal, management, leadership and intrapersonal skills that will help in driving the team towards better productivity. Shared Values: It refers to the values of the company that must be incorporated among the employees of the company (Berman 2016). SWOT Analysis Strengths: Employee base of 3M is very strong. The diversified products of the company serve in many countries around the world. The refinishing glove of 3M has the strong financial condition. Apart from that, the strong brand image is one of the most strength of the company which will help in a boost of the sales of the gloves. Weaknesses: Environmental and litigations issues of the company are responsible for the ill brand image and profitability of 3M refinishing gloves. 3M is the market leader in its domain. Wrong steps in the marketing approach would diminish the reputation of the brand (Crespy and Miller 2015). Opportunities: The market of Australia is economically very stable. Effective marketing strategies will help in attracting more customers towards the product. The global image of the company will assist in strengthening the brand of the refinishing gloves. The innovative product will indeed hit the market. Threats: The competitors of the company are considered as a threat to the enterprise in the market. It can cause a loss of the market share in Australia. Price sensitive customers may switch the brand if the competitors provide better facilities at a low price. Strategic marketing plan Marketing Goals The objective of the marketing plan is to perform all the activities within a stipulated budget. Proper time and budget allocation is the primary key to success of the plan formulated for the refinishing gloves of 3M. It is seen that the previous marketing plan of the product is not effective. The brand awareness of the product is very little. The pricing strategy of the product is premium pricing which should be incorporated in the re-launch plan of the refinishing gloves of 3M in the market. The strategic goals include profit, price, sales, brand awareness, and product objectives. Added benefits are included in the section of product objectives that will help in increasing the demand for the product among the target market (S. Whalen and M. Boush 2014). The refinishing gloves do not belong to niche category like the other products of 3M. Hence, the company has to introduce various traditional methods of advertisement techniques in the goal setting aspect of the marketing plan. Howe ver, it is the responsibility of the marketers of the product to convey the goals and objectives of the plan to the people associated with the plan for gaining insight into the effectiveness of it in the long run. Marketing Mix Product: Refinishing Gloves is the product that is selected for formulating the marketing plan. This is a unique commercial product that is very beneficial for the customers of Australia. The gloves will protect the hands of the user from stains and polishes. It will offer reliable and comfortable protection at the time of refinishing the surfaces of furniture. The added benefits that are provided with the product as the product objectives are flocked cotton lining, puncture resistant and textured palm regarding gripping purpose. Customers can avail many benefits if they use it properly (Tugut et al. 2015). Price: Premium pricing is the universal pricing strategy that is adopted by 3M throughout their all product categories. Customers are willing to pay premium charges for their products due to the high brand reputation in the market. Premium decoy pricing can be done in this case to collect revenue from other categories of gloves of 3M. It is the best pricing strategy for re-launch of a product (Paliwoda and Thomas 2013). Place: Re-launching of the product will be commenced in shopping malls, trade fairs, retail shops, company-owned stores of 3M, etc. Marketing of the gloves in these areas will attract a huge customer base. It would result in an increase in sales. The enterprise has to maintain a good relationship with the suppliers and distributors that help in the smooth flow of products in the retail outlets (Hsu et al. 2016). Promotion: It is the most vital part of the re-launch of refinishing gloves as the previous marketing plan did not provide desirable results. This time, the company has to focus on the promotion of the gloves. 3M is known for its low traditional development of its products. The budget that is allocated for the whole marketing plan should be utilized maximum in the promotional activities of the refinishing gloves. The traditional channels of advertisement include print ads, radio promotion, newspaper ads, television, etc. Apart from these, the company also focuses on different online media marketing channels for tapping more customer segments regarding the re-launch of the refinishing gloves of 3M (Pearson 2013). However, in-store promotions such as point of purchase, point of sales, offers, discounts should be done in the preliminary stage to drag the attention of the shoppers towards the product i.e. refinishing gloves. Conclusion The study illustrates a detailed description of the marketing of an existing product of 3M i.e. refinishing gloves. There are many other types of gloves that the company is manufacturing. This product needs re-launch in the Australian market. A marketing plan along with situational analysis is provided in the report. It will help the marketer to commence the marketing mix for the gloves in an efficient manner. The marketing department will utilize the budget that is allocated by the strategic management department of the company so that the product can enjoy the successful high brand image. The product on successful marketing campaign will have increased sales. It would lead to improved productivity. Refinishing Gloves of 3M will be able to earn a good brand image in the Australian market. References Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S., and Kotler, P., 2014. Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Berman, B., 2016. Referral Marketing: Harnessing the power of your customers. Business Horizons,59(1), pp.19-28. Chernev, A., 2015.The marketing plan handbook. Cerebellum Press. Crispy, C.T. and Miller, V.V., 2015. Toward a Taxonomy of Marketing Strategies: Issues and Evidence. In Proceedings of the 1985 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 261-265). Springer International Publishing. Gonzalez-Padron, T.L., Hult, G.T.M. and Ferrell, O.C., 2016. A Stakeholder Marketing Approach to Sustainable Business.Marketing in and for a Sustainable Society (Review of Marketing Research, Volume 13) Emerald Group Publishing Limited,13, pp.61-101. Hsu, L., Fournier, S. and Srinivasan, S., 2016. Brand architecture strategy and substantial value: how leveraging, separating and distancing the corporate brand affects risk and returns. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,44(2), pp.261-280. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Manceau, D. and Hmonnet-Goujot, A., 2015.Marketing management(Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Paliwoda, S. and Thomas, M., 2013.International marketing. Routledge. Papadopoulos, N. and Heslop, L.A., 2014.Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge. Pearson, D., 2013.The 20 Ps of Marketing: A complete guide to marketing strategy. Kogan Page Publishers. Ryan, D., 2014.Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Whalen, P. and M. Boush, D., 2014. Why, how and to what effect do firms deviate from their intended marketing plans? Towards a taxonomy of post plan improvisations.European Journal of Marketing,48(3/4), pp.453-476. Tugut, M., Arnold, M.J. and Carlson, B.D., 2015. Consumer Choice Between Hedonic and Utilitarian Recovery Options in Service Failures: A Mood Regulation Perspective. InThe Sustainable Global Marketplace(pp. 426-426). Springer International Publishing. Warren, H.B., 2015. 3M: A Critical Thinking Tool for Multicultural Marketers. InProceedings of the 1998 Multicultural Marketing Conference(pp. 348-353). Springer International Publishing. Zeriti, A., Robson, M.J., Spyropoulou, S. and Leonidou, C.N., 2014. Sustainable export marketing strategy fit and performance.Journal of International Marketing,22(4), pp.44-66.

When the Truth Comes into the Open Claudiuss Revelation

Free Essays on Parliamentary Executive For A New Democracy

Between the two popular executives of either a presidential or a parliamentary executive for a new democracy, I would select a parliamentary system. It is important to distinguish between the two executives of the presidential or the parliamentary system before outweighing the costs and the benefits and determine its suitability for the new democracy by examining some examples in the prototypes of each system. The basis for a new democracy lies within the stability of the government. While it may be difficult for a new democracy to achieve that stability overnight, it proves that such stability will be achieved in the long run and provide efficiency for the running government. My choice of selecting a parliamentary system can be justified due to the ability of pushing agendas more quickly, which is needed for the implementation of new policies that the nation has based its electoral votes upon. Another fundamental principle I base my argument upon is the risk associated with concentrating the power in one person, which leads to the ‘winner-take-all’ syndrome (Mainwaring and Shugart,1997) leading to one focus and therefore it is needed to force moderation upon debates. The reason for the transition of many countries to democracies is because of the faults in their previous system, usually that of authoritative regimes, and selecting a parliamentary system in that regards eliminates the fear of the public of the risk for picking the wrong candidate in elections due to the ability to overthrow the government with votes of no confidence. Therefore, I believe selecting a parliamentary system is in the best interest for a new democracy. The main difference between a presidential executive and a parliamentary executive is its legislative and executive branches. With a presidential system, it features a separation of powers in the independence of the executive and the legislature while a parliamentary system have the same members of ... Free Essays on Parliamentary Executive For A New Democracy Free Essays on Parliamentary Executive For A New Democracy Between the two popular executives of either a presidential or a parliamentary executive for a new democracy, I would select a parliamentary system. It is important to distinguish between the two executives of the presidential or the parliamentary system before outweighing the costs and the benefits and determine its suitability for the new democracy by examining some examples in the prototypes of each system. The basis for a new democracy lies within the stability of the government. While it may be difficult for a new democracy to achieve that stability overnight, it proves that such stability will be achieved in the long run and provide efficiency for the running government. My choice of selecting a parliamentary system can be justified due to the ability of pushing agendas more quickly, which is needed for the implementation of new policies that the nation has based its electoral votes upon. Another fundamental principle I base my argument upon is the risk associated with concentrating the power in one person, which leads to the ‘winner-take-all’ syndrome (Mainwaring and Shugart,1997) leading to one focus and therefore it is needed to force moderation upon debates. The reason for the transition of many countries to democracies is because of the faults in their previous system, usually that of authoritative regimes, and selecting a parliamentary system in that regards eliminates the fear of the public of the risk for picking the wrong candidate in elections due to the ability to overthrow the government with votes of no confidence. Therefore, I believe selecting a parliamentary system is in the best interest for a new democracy. The main difference between a presidential executive and a parliamentary executive is its legislative and executive branches. With a presidential system, it features a separation of powers in the independence of the executive and the legislature while a parliamentary system have the same members of ...

Internal Controls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Internal Controls - Essay Example Significantly, the company has been marred will intolerable control environment. The management has failed to enhance effective communication leading to the adverse change in attitude among employees. In addition, the company has failed to identify inadequacies that pose a significant risk of loss and inaccuracies in the financial management department. According to the audit conducted in the year 2013 (Farewell, Byron 117), SONY Company has not been conducting regular assessment of its internal control system and hence the management may fail to detect a fault in good time. Furthermore, failure to conduct a regular assessment will make some of the control system obsolete leading to huge losses. An effective control system should focus on diligence and effective communication that is geared toward changing employee’s attitude towards the control system. (Susan 543) declares that the control system should be regularly examined and updated to reduce the risks emanating from obsolete technology. In this case, the control system should be several strands ahead of the technology used by fraudsters and dishonest employees. Risk reviewing and monitoring should be highly regarded. In this case, the management should constantly monitor the internal control system in order to identify areas that require advancement. This reduces the chances of incurring a material risk that would cause financial loss if it takes

Dravid Luis and His Oppinions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Dravid Luis and His Oppinions - Essay Example According to the paper the number of estimates that he has obtained seems to be a little low considering that worth of the equipment that is being evaluated amounts to millions of dollars. Or he can consult another accountant regarding alternative options that may be offered to Jimmy Westfield to settle their difference in evaluating the worth of the equipment. As the discussion stresses utilitarianism is basically the greatest happiness principle which holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness or pleasure and wrong if they tend to produce pain. Â  However, it is important to note that there are two kinds of utilitarianism- act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism. In act utilitarianism the consequence of the act should produce the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people while rule utilitarianism means that we should act so that the rules governing our action produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. With utilitarianism as the ethical framework, we now analyze Dravid Luis’ going along with Jimmy Westfield’s desire to record the equipment at net realizable value.

Does god really exist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Does god really exist - Essay Example In this regard, it is difficult to challenge the contents of religious beliefs especially to the believers because they rely heavily on hope and faith to elucidate matters pertaining to God (Hoyle, 1983, p93). However, many events occurring around the world signify the presence of greater force that cannot be adequately explained and be predetermined by man. This paper discusses that irrespective of one’s religion, there is evidence that proves existence of God. From scientific point of view, we as human beings exist freely in nature and we are made of various compounds, such as water and other structural compounds and elements that have been indentified by scientists (Morris, 1967, p 90). By the virtue of our existence, it is clear that we all originated somewhere. The Biblical point of view holds that in the beginning, God created heaven and earth, and man was created thereafter (Morris, 1967, p52). Atheists argue that there was no beginning of life, an assertion supported b y the science proclamation that matter cannot be created or destroyed and therefore is eternal (Andrews, 1978, p57). However, the atheist assertion is wrong because cosmic observations and processes around the world indicate a gradual consumption of energy that affirms that if there was no beginning, our world could have become extinct long time ago (Andrews, 1978, p19). For example driving a vehicle requires energy in form of fuel. When the fuel gets used up, the vehicle stalls and cannot function again. In the planet, the sun is sole source of energy and besides it; there are numerous stars in the atmosphere. Scientists have established that in order for the stars including the sun to emit energy, hydrogen gas is compressed into helium and in the process; vast amounts of energy are released. The sun compresses an approximate 564 million tons of hydrogen to form 560 million tons of helium and 4 tons of energy per second, through the process of nuclear fusion (Hoyle, 1983, p42). Tak ing into consideration that there are numerous stars, the amount of hydrogen used by these cosmic bodies is astronomical and by now, it could have become exhausted. This means the world has a beginning, because if it has been ongoing forever, there could be no hydrogen left. Hoyle (1983, p51) noted that the sun remains with 98% of its initial hydrogen composition and this shows that at some point, there was a beginning and there shall be an end. The earth undergoes numerous chemical and physical processes, which imply that its composition has changed. Therefore, the assertion that matter remains unchanged is scientifically erroneous. There must have a beginning, a force that brought everything to existence, and this could be God, just as the Bible states (Douglas, 1993, p37) In this respect, there was a beginning to the universe, and the question arises on how both the living and non-living creations came into existence. From a religious perspective, a certain force, meaning that it did not occur spontaneously, caused the creation. On the other hand, atheists argue that matter is self-sustaining and cannot be created or be destroyed. Atheists do not show the cause to the creation, suggesting that the matter happened out of undefined or unexplainable process. Logically, if matter had a beginning, there must have been something that came from nothing to give the matter existence. Then how did matter come into existence if there was no force, energy and intelligence? This

Resistance And Electrical Conductivity Environmental Sciences Essay

Resistance And Electrical Conductivity Environmental Sciences Essay Electrical currents are routinely harnessed and transmitted via interconnected wires. The purpose of this research is to identify factors commonly responsible for affecting the resistance of current, or flow of electricity, across a wire in an electrical circuit. Some factors will need to be identified and investigated prior to experimentation. A basic understanding of electrical circuits and resistance is required for successful completion of this project. In order to create an electric circuit, a path must be constructed to allow electrons to continuously move, or flow, across a medium. The movement of electrons is called the current. The medium used to conduct the electron transfer is called a conductor. The difference or potential difference in electrical charges in the circuit is called voltage. Voltage is the measure of the force between two pots. When electrons move through conductors they often encounter friction which is called resistance. As with voltage, resistance is a measurement between to points and does not have meaning outside of those two points. A conductor with low resistance is considered a good conductor and a conductor with high resistance is considered a bad conductor (http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm). Because copper atoms have only one electron in their outer shell they tend to share electrons easily and allow an electrical charge to move through them with little resistance. Because of these properties copper is a good conductor (http://www.webelements.com). Free electrons tend to move through conductors with some degree of friction, or opposition to motion. This opposition to motion is more properly called resistance. The amount of current in a circuit depends on the amount of voltage available to motivate the electrons, and also the amount of resistance in the circuit to oppose electron flow. Just like voltage, resistance is a quantity relative between two points. For this reason, the quantities of voltage and resistance are often stated as being between or across two points in a circuit. Resistance is the property of a conductor that inhibits or restricts the flow of electricity through it. Good conductors are associated with low resistance and high energy transference. Poor conductors are associated with low current and higher resistance (http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm). Hypothesis: The hypothesis of this experiment is: the resistance to an electrical current should increase in relation to the length of the conductor. The resistance should be proportionally higher for the 60cm length of wire than it is for a 10cm length of wire. Prior research indicates that the resistance of the 60cm length should be 6 times that of the 10cm length. Earlier studies indicate that resistance will increase with length because resistance is proportional to length (www.123HelpMe.com/view.asp?id=120694). Project Plan/Problem Statement Does the length of the conductor affect the flow of electricity? If it does, in what way? Resistance to an electrical current should increase in proportion to the length of the conductor. The resistance should be considerably higher for the 60cm length than it is for the 10cm length. Theoretically the resistance for the 60cm length should be 6 times that of the 10cm length. The reason for this was explained earlier. Resistances are just added together in a series circuit so having a long length of wire will just be the same as having 2 lengths of wire half the size. Resistance will increase with length. Resistance is proportional to length (www.123HelpMe.com/view.asp?id=120694). The mathematical formula for the relationship between two points, as described by Ohms Law, being directly proportional to the voltage across the points and inversely proportional to the resistance between them is expressed mathematically as: (http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm). Or graphically as: (http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm). This science project will be used to test the length of an assortment of wires to determine how characteristic of length affects electrical conductivity. The electrons jump from atom to atom in the metal in response to the electric field in the circuit (http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm). Research tells us that copper has more free electrons than many other materials and should conduct electricity relatively freely (http://www.webelements.com/). The dependent variable for this project is the amount of resistance measured. The independent variable is the length of the copper wire used to conduct the electrical charge. The controlled variables for this project are constant room temperature, constant humidity, constant circuit, and a constant charge from a DC power pack. The project plan is to test the current/resistance over different length of wires. This project is relevant to real world applications because if people have a better understanding of the factors that affect electricity conduction, enhancement can be made in electricity transmission to reduce loss of charge and increase preservation of electrical energy. Literature Review/Other Experiments Research has shown the conductivity of certain materials is: Cu copper use 2.15 nÃŽÂ ©m 15.43 nÃŽÂ ©m 16.78 nÃŽÂ ©m 17.12 nÃŽÂ ©m 17.25 nÃŽÂ ©m CRC (10-8  ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ©m) 0.215 1.543 1.678 1.712 1.725 LNG (10-8  ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ©m) 1.678 WEL (10-8  ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ©m) (293 K-298 K) 1.7 (http://www.webelements.com/) Yamaguchi, T., Matsuoka, T., Koda, S. (2007). A theoretical study on the frequency-dependent electric conductivity of electrolyte solutions.  Journal of Chemical Physics,  127(23), 234501. doi:10.1063/1.2806289. The accepting on the frequency-dependent electric accoutrement of electrolyte solutions proposed beat by Yamaguchi et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 127, 234501 (2007)] is affiliated to arbor the hydrodynamic alternation amidst ions. The accepting is activated to the aqueous band-aid of NaCl and the assimilation affirmation of the accoutrement agrees able with that angled by experiments. The abatement in the electric accoutrement is acceptance into the contributions of ion brace administering at acclimatized distances. The all-embracing ionic atmosphere plays a aloft role at the assimilation as low as 0.01 mol/kg, accepting the accession of the accent ion brace amphitheatre is important at 1 mol/kg. The acclimatized basal of cation is afflicted to be a abbreviating activity of assimilation as is empiric in experiments. How Electricity Works, retrieved from http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm The basal of electrons in motion in a abuttals is declared the current, and its abstinent in amps. The force allegation the electron alternating is declared the voltage and is abstinent in volts. The accumulated of electricity consumed were measured in watts. Investigation the Factors That Affect Resistance of a Conductor. (21 Jul 2010) Retrieved from: (http://www.123HelpMe.com/view.asp?id=120694) The factors that affect the transmission of electricity are: length of the wire- the greater the distance over the medium is the longer the electrons have to pass through and producing a higher possibility of impacts with other electrons; material used- the more closely packed the conductor (the nearer the electrons are) the more difficult it is for electrons to move through the conductor and so more crashes between particles, thus giving rise to a greater resistance; temperature- if the temperature of the cable is elevated then the atoms in the cable will begin to pulsate and that will augment the total number of impacts amid particles consequently rising the resistance; cross-sectional area- if the wires thickness is increased the resistance will decrease, this is because the electrons will have more space to move and that will make the probability of a collision with another electron is less likely. Experimental Design Steps/Sequence of Events This test set up should be able to assess the length of a wire for disparity in resistance of wire. Wires of differing lengths will be tested to verify that resistance is proportional to length. This will require testing different lengths of copper wire. For the experiment assorted wires from 10 cm to 60 cm will be tested using a current, a voltmeter and ammeter. The project will require an electrical circuit to test the resistance of a wire and an apparatus to connect differing sections of wire. To gauge the resistance of the wire conductor by means of Ohms Law, both an ammeter and a voltmeter will be used to check the electrical current. To achieve an average, the experiment will be conducted twice and then averaged for more accurate results. The power from the power source will be set at a current of 0.22 amps. Identical experiment steps will be utilized for wires of the following lengths: 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, and 60 cm. The wire will be attached to the circuit in su ccession so that the current flows directly through it. Power will be supplied by a DC power pack that facilitates easy and accurate adjustments of power. Steps: Prepare circuit Attach section of wire to be tested to circuit Join one end of the ammeter to one end of the open circuit to guarantee that the whole current will be calculated. Check the polarization of the ammeters ends that are connected to the circuit. Turn on the power supply and increase the current to 0.22. Check the reading from the voltmeter. Check the reading from the ammeter. Attach the 10 cm length of the copper wire to the circuit. Apply 0.22 current to the circuit from the power source. Check the reading from the voltmeter. Record the reading from the voltmeter. Check the reading from the ammeter. Record the reading from the ammeter. Calculate resistance. Repeat steps 8-14 with 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, and 60cm lengths of copper wire. The dependent variable for this project is the amount of current/resistance measured. The independent variable is the wire used to conduct the electrical charge. The controlled variables for this project are steady room temperature, steady humidity, and a steady charge in the form of a DC output from a DC power pack that will allow the power to be changed easily and accurately. Reasoning Copper is a widely recognized conductor that is extensively used in business and housing wiring for electricity. The greater the distance that the electrical charge has to travel then the greater chance of collisions with other electrons within the electrical current. In this experiment the length of an otherwise identical wire will be investigated to find how that factor affects resistance. This experiment design method was chosen for its relative simplicity and ease of computing results. The reasoning behind this testing method was to prove fundamental factors of Ohm law and to test current laws in electrical conductivity. Tools/Materials Tools: Ammeter Votlmeter Circuit Power Source (DC Power Pack) Materials: Wire 10 cm copper wire 20 cm copper wire 30 cm copper wire 40 cm copper wire 50 cm copper wire 60 cm copper wire Variables The controlled variables, which must stay constant in this experiment to make it fair, are the output voltage from the power supply, which remains the same (0.22A) throughout measuring and the surrounding temperature should not rise or lower too much. The independent variable in this experiment is the length of the wire. The dependent variable is the output of current and resistance which are measured with a voltmeter and ammeter. Threat Reduction to Internal Validity To reduce the threat to internal validity a new wire is used for each subsequent test. Previously used wires are discarded after use to ensure that the wire has not been compromised in a previous test. All testing supplies and materials are kept clean and away from contamination. In order to reduce any inconsistency this experiment is repeated several times and several measurements are taken by meters which have previously been checked and determined to be free from defect. Results Experiment 1 Result: Length Experiment 1 Cm I V 10 0.22 0.08 20 0.22 0.14 30 0.22 0.23 40 0.22 0.32 50 0.22 0.4 60 0.22 0.47 Experiment 2 Result: Length Experiment 2 Cm I V 10 0.22 0.09 20 0.22 0.18 30 0.22 0.25 40 0.22 0.33 50 0.22 0.42 60 0.22 0.51 Average Result: Length Average Cm I V 10 0.22 0.85 20 0.22 0.16 30 0.22 0.24 40 0.22 0.325 50 0.22 0.41 60 0.22 0.49 Conclusion The resistance of the wire increases in proportion to length as predicted in the hypothesis. The results from this experiment have followed previous energy laws. The experiment proved that the resistance in 10cm of wire is roughly 50% of the resistance of 20 cm of wire, which is in turn roughly 50% of the resistance of 40 cm of wire. Additionally, the resistance of the 10cm wire is approximately 1/3 of the resistance of the 30cm wire. This is because 10 is 1/3 of 30. Confirmation of Hypothesis Based in the results of this experiment the hypothesis is correct. This experiment proves that resistance increases in proportion to length. The evidence to support this is clearly shown in the graphs included above. As the length of the wire is increased, the resistance also increases directly proportional to the additional distance in length that the electricity had to travel. Experimental Design as Key Factor Experiments are generally conducted to prove or disprove a hypothesis, theory or an assumption. The legitimacy of any experiment is precisely affected by its design and implementation. Consideration of experimental design is particularly significant. If an experiments design is inconsistent the results and conclusions will be unsound and as a result will be unusable. Replication This project could be easily replicated using materials that cost less than $50. This is important because easily replicable results are not as likely to be impacted by accidental errors and if an experiment can be repeated under different circumstances by different people then it is most likely that the conclusions will remain the same and be accepted. Scientists are not likely to accept the results of a single experiment since the proposed hypothesis has to explain all experimental results and due to surrounding conditions, results could potentially vary, Evaluation of Validity This experiment is valid because it is easily reproducible, the data corresponds to scientific proofs, and most importantly the data is consistent through a variety of testing situations. This experiment would be easily confirmed by another scientist recreating the process. Further research is ongoing to develop a method of transmitting electricity with minimal resistance and loss of voltage.

Indigenous People :: essays research papers

Indigenous People Indigenous people are those that are native to an area. Throughout the world, there are many groups or tribes of people that have been taken over by the Europeans in their early conquests throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, by immigrating groups of individuals, and by greedy corporate businesses trying to take their land. The people indigenous to Australia, Brazil and South America, and Hawaii are currently fighting for their rights as people: the rights to own land, to be free from prejudice, and to have their lands protected from society. Indigenous People of Brazil and South America The people indigenous to Brazil and South America are an extremely noteworthy group. The Brazilian population originally derives from four ethnic sources. From the beginning, the country has been a mixture of many "races" of people. Of these, are the native Indians, the colonizing Portuguese, the enslaved African blacks, and the various immigrant groups from Europe and Asia. Many of the indigenous tribes are quarreling with Brazil's officials and businesses. Rainforests are depleting at a rapid rate and, as they are a home to many indigenous tribes, is causing great turmoil. Although the Constitution of 1988 claims to recognize the indians' "original land rights to the lands they traditionally occupy" and promise that these lands will be "demarcated" and "protected", the Government Agency Funai is charged with the demarcation of of nearly fifty percent of the lands(PeaceNet). The report claims that, "in reality, most most indian lands whether demarcated or not are coveted for some form of development." This claim is substantiated by the fact that "mineral concessions have been made on fifty-eight percent of all demarcated indian lands, while thirteen percent are affected by hydroelectric projects," (PeaceNet) The link between global environmental change and the rights of indigenous populations results from the close relationship between indigenous people's cultural and economic situations and their environmental settings. Therefore, if the environment of the native Indians of Brazil continues to be changed and removed, the people born on these lands will be exterminated out of existence. Additionally, many societal views of the indigenous people is killing them. The Amnesty International report, as commented upon by PeaceNet cites one occasion in which a thirty-five year old Macuxi Indian by the name of Damiao M endes was found lying face down on a muddy riverbank, shot in the neck. Nearby lay his nineteen year-old nephew, murdered by the same means.

City of God Essay

In The Prince, Niccolo Machiavelli cements his reputation as an Italian political theorist who, wicked as he may seem, believed that morality and ethics did not mix well with politics and the mechanisms of power. From this book rose the ever famous line, â€Å"The end justifies the means†, and true enough The Prince had embodied a way of thinking so revolutionary and controversial that for hundreds of years, it had remained the ultimate handbook for political control. This is illustrated very well in Chapter 17, where Machiavelli discusses cruelty and its importance to maintaining power. â€Å"Here the question arises: is it better to be loved than feared, or vice versa? I don’t doubt that every prince would like to be both; but since it is hard to accommodate these qualities, if you have to make a choice, to be feared is much safer than to be loved. † This quote easily became emblazoned in the reader’s minds partly because of its cruel approach, which however brutal it may seem, borders on reality and actual truth. In order to get hold of your subjects more, to keep them united and to keep them from revolting against you, Machiavelli relates that it is imperative to be punitive and exacting; to have them live in dread than to easily lose power by being mild and amiable. Fear then is necessary to be able to rule your subjects and keep them under your control. Machiavelli points out that the loyalty gained from fear is much more difficult to lose and therefore any ruler must strive to be feared. Such is the way of Machiavelli’s thinking and this quote becomes testament to his genius. His ideas, though wicked and malevolent, are worth to be considered by any one who desires to gain and control power for they stand out remarkably honest and brutally clever. Saint Augustine, being governed by his beliefs and principles, wrote in a way that he incorporates his vocation to convey and relate to the people what it is that God intends for society. In The City of God, Augustine’s work primarily takes this approach to express his ideas on the workings of an earthly city and how it is needed to be likened to the â€Å"city of God†. This work was primarily written to assuage the doubts and answer the criticisms of the people about the defeat of Rome, which was thought to be protected by God, and therefore, unlikely to fall. Moreover, Augustine heavily inclines his work towards the good and the belief of an omnipotent God and his offering of eternal happiness. In particular, Augustine stresses the importance of peace as an end goal, â€Å"Peace is such a great good that even with respect to earthly and mortal things, nothing is heard with greater pleasure nothing desired more longingly, and in the end, nothing better can be found† Augustine uses theology and the Christian doctrine to relate to the needs of his time and answer the questions that the circumstances had merited. He reiterates that attaining peace is the people’s ultimate purpose, be it heavenly peace or that maintained on earth. He addresses the difficulties that societies face and acknowledges that fact that it is necessary to create and maintain order and bring chaos to its end. Essentially, The City of God, as the quote has clearly embodied, becomes a sort of pacification to the troubles of the people, something Augustine does cleverly well. The City of God remains influential to those it had convinced to believe. Aristotle is arguably one of the famous philosophers who ever lived. As an early proponent of philosophy and critical thinking, his works had been based upon and studied countless times. His theories of state and political association are deemed basic and essential even as others have grown to reject and disprove them through time. One point he made when discussing about politics is the necessity for a man to not be isolated and completely independent of others. He relates, â€Å"The man who is isolated, who is unable to share in the benefits of political association, or has no need to share because he is already self-sufficient, is no part of the city, and must therefore be either a beast or god† In the creation of a polis or city-state, it is inevitable that men grow to need each other. Each individual member of a city is dependent on the other as well as on the entire association taken as a whole. Aristotle argues that a man cut off from society, being not part of it, is like a God with such great power, or an unworthy beast which has really no care at all. With this comes to mind the popular saying that, â€Å"No man is an island. † This stays true up to now and is one of the foundations of the principles of society. In building a state, the fundamental theory is important and highlighted — that of its citizens being one with the state, growing and developing with it and them associating with each and every member of the state. From this, the concept of organization is emphasized and the primary building blocks of a state is laid out and achieved.

Benefits and Application of Database Packages

Benefits and Application of Database Packages Introduction The aim of this paper is to reflect on the benefits of Database processes in business operations. Actually, database refers to data collection that is prepared and arranged in computer systems in order to choose quickly preferred items. The effective use of database is enhanced by the manner in which information is organized orderly in ascending documentation.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Benefits and Application of Database Packages specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, manual recording has been faced with many shortcomings, for example it is complicated process thus ineffective. This paper also examines how database packages can be applied in business processes. Surely, database systems are invented to enable businessmen to manage and restore information (data collection) in an ordered way. Importance of Database in Firms’ Business Operations Database process is beneficial to busi nessmen when it comes to processing, collecting and storing information (Solove, 2001). For example, business operation will be more effective when businessmen know their suppliers, competitors and consumers. According to Mukherjee Duncan (2000), several business lack resources to process and collect huge amount of information. â€Å"This means that they do not have vital information on whether consumers buy goods repeatedly, how progress is their business and how profitable are they† (Mukherjee Duncan, 2000). Such important information is beneficial in shaping business strategy and handling operational business challenges. Businessmen should gather much information from database which are beneficial in future operation of their businesses. Solove (2001) claimed: Database operation is important because it minimizes resources and time utilized in managing data; it enables businessmen a capability to evaluate data in many ways; it is an effective system of management of data; it transforms disparate idea to be useful information; and promotes quality of information (p.24). Database Application According to (Mukherjee Duncan, 2000), several business operations like insurance, banking, publishing and manufacturing commercial businesses need to use database systems because of their business demands. Indeed, there are two database systems, relational (structured) and single (flat) file databases (Solove, 2001). Moreover, Mukherjee Duncan (2000) explained:Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Database system that a businessman may need depends on: amount of data that requires to be processed and stored; whether more than single individual are required to amend and access data; and data complexity in terms of sound, plain text and image files (p.32). When a business operation is not complex, for example managing one hundred consumers, a businessman may use effectively database package like spreadsheet. On the other hand, Solove (2001) viewed that a complicated business operation may require sophisticated packages like Sybase, Microsoft Access, Oracle, Informix and Filmmaker Pro. Such are particularly made to sort huge quantity of data, for example, enabling businessmen to handle payments processes, clients’ names and products ordered (Mukherjee Duncan, 2000). Database is important particularly to businesses which require huge quantity of information. Furthermore, â€Å"database process is a tool which is beneficial to build effective applications like inventory and sale ordering management in business operation† (Solove, 2001). In fact, â€Å"database devices make effective management and maintenance of data structured files. Such tools have strict parameters in order to instill accuracy and integrity in its task† (Mukherjee Duncan, 2000). For instance, any alteration that happens in the da ta will never be affected or corrupted whenever the process fails. Moreover, database enhances efficiency because it enables many users to utilize the data simultaneously (Solove, 2001). Database is most important when business application is shaped to meet the needs of businessmen. Indeed, specifying business need is special involvement that calls for a professional developer (Mukherjee Duncan, 2000).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Benefits and Application of Database Packages specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Solove (2001), the modern database process utilizes SQL processing (Structured Query Language) that enables evaluation of data and thus reports are built in various ways. Such reports created are beneficial in coordinating business processes while promoting customers’ demands. Conclusion The use, collection, and processing of information is important in business operation. For ex ample, many business processes may be effectively managed when the information is stored accurate and updated. Any application which may make work engaged more effective and easier should be embraced without doubt. Database has significant role in Information Technology because its capability to process structured information is what drives business efficiency. References Mukherjee, S., and Duncan, G. (2000). Optimal Disclosure Limitation Strategy in Statistical Databases: Deterring Tracker Attacks through Addictive Noise. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 95, 4-8. Solove, D. (2001). Privacy and power: Computer Databases and Metaphors for Information Privacy. Stanford Law Review, 53, 35-40.

Erasmus and Castiglione essays

Erasmus and Castiglione essays Religion and social acceptance played paramount roles in the Renaissance and the Reformation, each through different paths of idealism. Here we discover how two separate elements interact and become one in human fulfillment. The study of Erasmus and Castiglione, two individuals, that have so clearly shaped religion and society today, has truly been eye opening for me. As I read their works and try to analyze the elements that drive them forward, I see many attributes of myself within them, including spiritual soul searching, the desire for social acceptance and yes, vanity. I am stimulated as to how the two paths so clearly cross and eventually become one. Erasmus was a key element in Northern Christian Humanism, which was more concerned with theology, creating a movement for moral and religious reform. The thread of religion is deeply seated in the Renaissance but, Castiglione was better known as the arbiter of aristocratic manners. He demanded, that the preservance of composure and self-control must be maintained under all circumstances (Pegasokseen). Erasmus was one of the greatest scholars of all time and worked diligently in the defense of cultural language, the revision of Christian traditions and the renewal of the educational system. He was known as the Prince of Humanists (Ciger). Castiglione, on the other hand, focused on the behavioral attributes; he studied the changes in the late medieval culture and effectively created a guide book for the elite to gain attention and favor. We are the sum of our perceptions, but as I see these two, I look at the many facets that shape our lives. Erasmus, in the spiritual light of better understanding our faith, and the need for higher education. Castiglione, in the realism of the here and now, the need for social acceptance, and affirmation. The need for balance in our lives is extremely important, and when you combine realism with spi...

What are some of the main challenges facing contemperary egyptian Essay

What are some of the main challenges facing contemperary egyptian society - Essay Example Mubarak had inherited power after the assassination of Anwar al Sadat in the early 1980s. Mubarak continued to hold full power in Egypt up until the Arab Spring and the successful demonstrations, protests, and strikes that it entailed forced his regime from power and ushered in a new era for Egyptian governance1. Once Mubarak was ousted, the military of Egypt came to power in order to provide a transitional period under which democratic reforms could be enacted, democratic parties formed and elections held. The election process saw two main candidates outperform a field filled with rivals. These two main candidates, Ahmed Shafik and Mohammed Morsi, then went on to compete in a runoff election on the 25th of June, 2012 which saw Mohammed Morsi win the majority of the votes as well as the presidency of Egypt. One of the main reasons that Mohammed Morsi won this election was due to the fact that he was able to successfully cast Ahmed Shafik as little more than remnant of Hosni Mubarakâ €™s government. In this way, tipping the scales in his favor among the general population was a much simpler task. However, many individuals remain unimpressed with Mohammed Morsi due to the fact that he represents the interests of the Islamic Brotherhood, an entity that has been vying for a greater share of power in Egypt since its inception in the late 1920s.2 Egypt was only Middle Eastern country to sign a peace treaty with Israel following the 1967 War. However, now that the Muslim Brotherhood’s political party has come to power; the nature of this unique relationship has been called into question. Previously, Israel had successfully lobbied the Egyptian government to close border crossings from the Sinai into Gaza; however, with the ascendency of the party of the Muslim Brotherhood, these crossings have subsequently been reopened.3 This

Distinguishing Management and Leadership Competencies Term Paper

Distinguishing Management and Leadership Competencies - Term Paper Example According to Meads (2006), health institutions in many parts of the world have introduced computerized self check-in systems for their outpatient customers whereby the patient reporting for check-up confirms and subsequently validates the correctness that the institution has on them. Meads (2006) further adds that self check-in can also be done manually in the developing countries incapable of introducing such computerized systems. In manual self check-in, the patient reporting for medical check-up writes down the required information such as name, sex, and age and them proceeds for check-up. The implementation of a self check-in system either computerized or manual requires specific management and leadership competencies. In laymans terms, competencies are skills and behaviors of an effective leader or manager. According to Laureate Education Inc (2012), "Leadership is all about creating change, and it involves establishing direction, aligning people toward that direction, and also establishing change through connecting with people" (p. 1). In regard to leadership competencies necessary for the implementation of a self check-in for appointments in outpatient setting, a leader ought to have the capacity or ability to ensure the creation of constructive relationships between all stakeholders (Zaleznik, 2004). Zaleznik (2004) also notes that he or she should also be able to offer support and collaborate with all stakeholders in the recognition of the problem, in this case long queues, and in creation of plans of action aimed at alleviating the problem, i.e. the implementat ion of self check-in systems for appointment of outpatients. To identify a problem, some of the skills necessary include listening skills, critical thinking, and persuasion skills. Implementation of change requires the leader to have specific competencies such as coordination skills,

Christian Salvesen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Christian Salvesen - Essay Example Changes in political administrations have influenced the evolution of laws that concern disability discrimination. Various rights have been accorded to disabled employees to boost their chances of establishing equal playing fields. Amidst this effort, some firms have still failed to practise the prescribed regulations. To further strengthen the established laws, the Disability Discrimination Authority (DDA) continues to monitor the policies that companies formulate regarding their treatment to all employees especially the disabled workers. DDA has formalised the method in which firms provide benefits to workers with disability in the event of sickness or injuries. The next discussion will centre on the policy of Christian Salvesen in providing the needed assistance to its disabled workers. Also, the discussion will determine the conformity of the company's regulations to DDA policies. Wright Investors' Report (2006) provided a snapshot of the company's profile including some vital financial information. Christian Salvesen PLC is one of the major names in the industry of transportation. The company primarily caters the logistics needs and transfer of goods from the sites to the market. Most of its clients are manufacturing and retail companies that distributes wide range of products. The company primarily operates in United Kingdom (UK) and its main office is based in London. The current sales for 2006 are estimated at over 800 million British Pounds. At present, the total number of employees in the firm is 13,245. This suggests that the workforce of the company is one of the biggest in UK. Although the number of disabled workers is not established, it is predicted that there are several employees that have physical disabilities. Definitely, the frequency of workers in the company shows that there are other ventures aside from freight. In fact, the company has some industries that deal with agricultural products. The firm also focus of high valued products like automotive parts and other complex products. In addition, the food division covers fresh and processed goods. The consumer operations covers products classified as needs and luxuries. To illustrate the company's stability, it operates in over 200 hundred. Some of its assets include warehouses that are used to keep the inventories and equipments. Furthermore, the 5000 tractors and 6000 trailers show the strength of the company. All these realities contribute to the necessity of providing ample support to all employees of the company. More important, the welfare of the disabled workers has to be highlighted. The fundamental impetus of providing sickness benefits to disabled employees is underlined in the labour laws of UK. The DDA for instance works closely as an agent that ensures the firms religiously follow the laws. First, the company has sufficient resources to allocate for the benefits of disabled workers. Basically, impaired employees have to be allotted with higher privileges because of their physical frailties. The financial highlights of the firm pictures a company of prosperity and growth. Therefore, it has the capacity to maximise its personnel service budget and

Macromedia Dreamweaver Essay Example for Free

Macromedia Dreamweaver Essay The club will definitely need a web site which they can use to do a great number of things. Some of them are to attract customers and members, post up new events, provide customer support, make new members, submit it to search engines so more people can find out about it and so on. Cost is also a big factor to consider. Having a website is much cheaper than putting up an advert in a local or national publication. Some other advantages of having a website are reduced costs for printing and distributing services and sales information. Increase in customer base as new people learn about the club and its services. The hardware and software needed to make this site includes a web space on the net, a few good WYSIWYG editors for designing the pages like Microsoft FrontPage, Namo Web Editor or maybe Macromedia Dreamweaver and Fireworks depending on the clubs needs. Also you obviously need a computer with an internet connection to make, upload and view the site. The website will have different pages to the site like home, members, contact us, about, events, register and site map. Database: A database would be very useful for the club because currently they have a long list of members and their information and details all on paper. So a computerized way of storing, inputting, viewing and editing data would be extremely useful because it would increase the speed and efficiency at which the staff would view and input data. The database will store information including but not limited to: name, address, email, phone number and date of birth. The hardware which we will need is a computer for making the database and the program. The software which we will need to create the actual database file would be Microsoft Access or SQL Server, and the software which we will need to create the program which can access the database and provide methods for viewing and inputting data could be Visual Basic, Visual C++, Visual C# or any other programming language. We could just create the database and the interface both in Access but a good programming language offers a lot more flexibility and functions. Forms: This can prove to be very useful for the club because currently the club has all of its forms on paper. So with computerized forms, when members want to book a plane for skydiving, or want to enroll for summer bungee jumping classes then the staff can just input the data needed in a Microsoft Word template and print it for the member. The hardware which we may need is a computer for printing and inputting data in forms, printer for printing out forms and receipts. The software which we will need is Microsoft Word with a customized template for each form so the staff can just open Word and load the template so all the fields required would already be there, they would just need to fill them in. Printer: The club will definitely need a good color printer to print out all sorts of things like forms, receipts, posters, banners, leaflets and pictures. The club right now doesnt have a computer or a printer so they cannot make any banners or posters to advertise their club or any new events or services. Also because they dont have a printer they cannot print out forms and receipts so they have to right down the information for a receipt and then give it to the member or the customer which is very time consuming and inefficient. The hardware which we will need is obviously a computer to connect the printer with and to send data to the printer so that it can print the desired information. E-commerce: An e-commerce system would also be useful for the club if they want to sell their own extreme sports gear like snowboards, goggles, etc. Or things like Proudlies Xtreme t-shirts and caps to promote their club and make it more popular. An online shopping system would enable them a place where members or customers could go, get and purchase sporting gear online. A link to the catalogue would be added to the main website. The online shop would also enable PXtreme to make a lot of extra money which they could use to improve their services. Programs we might need for this could be editors like Microsoft FrontPage or Namo Web Editor. The hardware needed would be a computer with an internet connection to make, upload and view the site. Camera: A camera should be necessary for this club because if the club has a camera then it could do many things like take pictures from events and post them on the site for other members to view. The club could take pictures of the summer programs in action. It could take pictures of the club itself so that people know what it looks like and they might come and enroll for membership or it could take pictures of the staff so that they can post it up on the site in staffing section. With a camera they would be able to upload the pictures onto a computer and then it will be a lot easier for them to make posters and banners because they would be able to insert the clubs pictures in them. The hardware needed would be a computer to upload the pictures on and then print them if needed, and the software required to upload photos will come with the camera. Staffing: The staff in PXtreme is made up of 5 people: the founder, the president, the vice president, secretary and the treasurer. This is the board of directors. These people will be running the club for the next 4 years and they have just been elected by the members of the club apart from the founder who will be looking after the club until he retires. The staff gets a very small salary and this isnt their full-time job, they have another job besides running the club. These people are running PXtreme just because they love sports. Each person is looked at in detail below. Founder: The founder of this club is Ozzy Kumar who has been with the club ever since it was made. Ozzy grew up in Yorkshire but moved to Hong Kong for financial reasons. He studied in Leeds University and finished his masters in computer science and graduated with first class honors. He doesnt do much except for making sure that his club is running fine without any problems and is making lots of profit. He is obsessed with extreme sports like snowboarding which is why he opened up this club. He isnt directly involved with anything going on in the club but he was the one who hired the four people below. President: The president of Proudlies Xtreme is Jenice Whitehouse. She grew up in London, driven by her love of history she went on to Bristol University to complete her BA. Jenice is the head of staff and she is the one who comes up with new events, services, makes sure that the staff is doing its job properly and makes sure that the club is running smoothly without any problems. She makes the big decisions for the club like when to buy new equipment and basically supervises everything which is going on. She knows every little nook and cranny of the club because she is always cruising around the club ensuring everythings working well. The IT needs which would be useful to her would be the website which she would use when she wants to update any events or news. Vice President: The vice president of PXtreme is Robin Hampshire who helps Jenice Whitehouse with everything. He grew up in Scotland and studied in De Montfort University Bedford when he gained a BSC in sport science and a PGCE in Physical Education. He helps to make decisions and also its his job to decide what sports the club should provide and when and where the classes and training programs should be. He is never to far from the action and is always involved with all the activities going on. The IT needs which would help him would also be a website and he would use it when he needs to upload information about events and programs. Secretary: The secretary of PXtreme is Ivy Alba who really loves extreme sports and her role in the club is to handle all the paperwork. She is Korean but has lived in Hong Kong. She studied in Newcastle for a BA in Sports Studies followed by time at the University of Exeter, St Lukes College where she gained her PGCE. She also has to keep track of all the members information and details. She is the one who signs up new members and she also handles any phone calls to the club. Ivy is very good at art so she has been assigned to make small posters and leaflets informing members of new events. The IT needs which she would find useful are the database, forms and the printer. She would use the database when she wants to add new members to it or edit member info, and she would use the forms to print and give to the members. Treasurer: The treasurer of PXtreme is Jack Frost who grew up in Japan and is a graduate of Leeds University. Jack only loves two things in life: business studies and extreme sports. He is in charge of all the finance, the funds, revenues and taxes. He decides the membership fees and the fees for specific training programs or summer classes. He sees how much money comes in per month and handles the money accordingly. He decides what equipment needs to be bought. The IT needs which he would find useful would be the e-commerce system. He will figure out the pricing and cost of each product and handle the purchasing process.

Exposing the Truth in Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong Essay -- Things

Exposing the Truth in Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong   Ã‚   "Dear Mom and Dad: The war that has taken my life, and many thousands of others before me, is immoral, unlawful, and an atrocity," (letter of anonymous soldier qtd. In Fussell 653). Tim O'Brien, a Vietnam war vet, had similar experiences as the soldier above. Even though O'Brien didn't die, the war still took away his life because a part of him will never be the same. Even in 1995, almost thirty years after the war, O'Brien wrote, "Last night suicide was on my mind. Not whether, but how. Tonight it will be on my mind again... I sit in my underwear at this unblinking fool of a computer and try to wrap words around a few horrid truths" (Vietnam 560). 1 think that O'Brien is still suffering from what he experienced in Vietnam and he uses his writing to help him deal with his conflicts. In order to deal with war or other traumatic experiences, you sometimes just have to relive the experiences over and over. This is what O'Brien does with his writing; he expresses his emotional truths even if it means he has to change the facts of the literal truth. The literal truth, or some of the things that happen during war, are so horrible that you don't want to believe that it could've actually have happened. For instance, "[o]ne colonel wanted the hearts cut out of the dead Vietcong to feed to his dog.... Ears were strung together like beads. Parts of Vietnamese bodies were kept as trophies; skulls were a favorite... The Twenty-fifth Infantry Division left a 'visiting card,' a torn off shoulder patch of the division's emblem, stuffed in the mouth of the Vietnamese they killed," (Fussell 655). While we don't want to believe these things because they sound too atrocious, soldi... ...e who sent the soldiers to war are just as responsible as the soldiers for any acts of war they committed. Works Cited Fussell, Paul. "Vietnam." The Bloody Game: An Anthology of   Modern War. Ed. Paul Fussell. London: Scribners, 1991. 651-6. O'Brien, Tim.   "How to Tell a True War Story." Writing as  Re-Vision. Eds. Beth Alvarado and Barbara Cully.   Needham Heights, MA: Simon & Schuster Custom Publishing, 1996. 550-8. _________.   In the Lake of the Woods.   New York: Houghton   Mifflin, 1994. __________.   "The Lives of   the Dead."   The Things They  Carried.   New York: Viking Penguin, 1990. 255-273. __________.   "The Vietnam in Me."   Writing as Re-Vision. 559-571. Schroeder, Eric James.   "Tim O'Brien: Maybe So."   Vietnam,  We've All Been There: Interviews with American Writers.   Ed.   Eric James Schroeder.   Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1992. 125-43.

Autism in the Media Essay -- Media Argumentative Persuasive Argument

Autism in the Media      Ã‚   "Weepinbell, w-e-e-p-i-n-b-e-l-l; Tentacool, t-e-n-t-a-c-o-o-l ; Geodude . . . ," yelled Connor. We were playing his favorite game - identify and spell the names of all 156 Pokà ªmon characters. Connor is a three-year-old boy I worked with as part of the SonRise therapy that his mother organized after he was diagnosed with autism. During my thrice-weekly Connor-directed playtime visits, I entered his world instead of making him enter mine and encouraged eye contact to strengthen Connor's connection with others.    I begin this critique of autism depiction in mass media relating my relationship with Connor because he informs my understanding of autism and colors my critique of media representations. For people who do not know autistic individuals personally, however, perceptions of autism have been shaped, by and large, by character depictions in a series of feature films over the last fifteen years, most notably Rain Man (1988), House of Cards (1993), and Molly (1999). I here examine these three films, each with an autistic main character, to evaluate the image of autism presented to the public and to discuss how that image has changed in the last fifteen years. However, before an analysis of the films, I will briefly overview autism as it is currently diagnosed and treated.    Autism is the label given to a set of behaviors summarized by the International Classification of Disease ICD-10 Handbook as1: 1. Impairment in reciprocal social interaction. 2. Impairment in verbal and non-verbal communication and in imaginative activity. 3. Markedly restricted variety in activities and interests.    Generally, autistic children are first identified by ... ...ons of autism over the last fifteen years reflect popular notions and hopes for cures to psychological disorders. Because mass media representations of autism reach a thousand fold the number of individuals who ready Psychology Review Today and other academic journals, films are an important source of information and a possible forum for advocacy and should be used as such.    Bibliography 1. Frith, U. 1989. Autism; Explaining the Enigma. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell. 2. Hobson, P. 1993. Autism and the Development of Mind. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 3. Mesibov, G., Lynn, A. and Klinger, L. 1997. Autism; Understanding the Disorder. New York: Plenum Press 4. Grandin, T. 1995. "An Inside View of Autism." http://www.autism.org/temple/inside.html Feature Films: Rain Man (1989) Molly (1999) House of Cards (1993)

Code of Hammurabi

The Code of Hammurabi â€Å"To make justice visible in the land to destroy the wicked person and the evil-doer, that the strong might not injure the weak. † The Code of Hammurabi was a law code written by King Hammurabi. The code was carved in a black pillar and was placed in a temple. This was so the entire village had knowledge of it. It was written sometime between 1792 to 1750 B. C. E. and was partly based off of the Code of Lipit-Ishtar.People in the 1700’s were punished, although punishments weren’t meant to exceed the crime, women had less rights and lower social standing then men, and they highly valued family. â€Å"An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth,† represents a harsh sense of justice based on revenge. King Hammurabi made his laws this way to prevent crimes from happening. Once a person knew penalty of a crime the likelihood of the person committing a crime greatly decreased. Also, he wanted this all people were not viewed as equals.The punishments for the same crime committed by a free man versus a slave were incredibly harsher towards the slave. â€Å"If a man knocked out the tooth of a man that is equal his tooth shall be knocked out,† whereas if a slave had knocked out the tooth of a free man he would have to pay one third of mina of silver. King Hammurabi may have wanted quality but he did not achieve it through his laws. Woman may have played important roles in the Babylonian society, but they certainty were not treated this way.The Hammurabi Code is extremely gender bias towards women, the laws were meant to control the woman in the society. Women were viewed more as an arranged contract between the woman’s father and her suitor. â€Å"If a man has taken a wife and has not executed a marriage contract, that woman is not his wife. † If a wife is caught cheating in the act she can be strangled or become her husbands’ slave, whereas if a husband is caught cheating he has to pay said wife. Clearly, women were treated unfairly compared to men in this society.These laws were considered family laws. Family was the basic unit of daily life. Laws required deep respect towards parents. â€Å"If a son struck his father, his hands shall be cut off. † Hammurabi Code forbids incest. It states â€Å"if a man has committed incest with his daughter, that men shall be banished from the city. † Babylonian Society was very concerned about gender, class, and family. Women were viewed more as possessions then people. Women didn’t get to pick their husband; their father chose and made the arrangements with their future husband.A white male had a higher standing in society than a black man. If a white man and a black man committed the same crime, the black man would face worse consequences. You cannot disown your children legally, unless the said child committed a grave misdemeanor. The most concerned problem for Babylonian society was people lying in trial to a Judge. In most cases punishment for this was death, a serious problem that results in a serious punishment. The Code of Hammurabi showed the types of crimes they had thousands of years ago.