Objectification Of Women And Women - 1462 Words

Objectification of women works with benevolent sexism to further oppress women in the media through its effects on self-esteem and well-being. Rollero’s (2013) article â€Å"Men and women facing objectification: The effects of media models on well-being, self-esteem and ambivalent sexism† examines media representations of men and women and how they are related to levels of sexism and psychological well-being. The literature on objectification has mostly indicated the connection between viewing objectified media representations and women’s body displeasure and motivation to achieve a slim body. The goal of the current study was to further past research by studying the effects of objectified media images –considering both male and female models– on psychological well-being, self-regard, and support of sexist states of mind. 166 undergraduates (51.8% males) participated in the study. Results indicated that objectification of men lessened men’s h appiness, whereas objectification of women was more damaging because it lessens women’s happiness, appeal and social self-confidence. Furthermore, objectification of women affects men’s validation of sexist attitudes, increasing aggression toward women while decreasing aggression direct to men. Typically, only women are examined in studies of objectification. The inclusion of both male and female effects in the article makes it unique in comparison to other similar studies. Furthermore, the inclusion of both males and females allows forShow MoreRelatedWomen Objectification Of Women1524 Words   |  7 PagesImages of females are everywhere. The image of females portrayed through advertising for the most part gives off a negative message to girls who struggle with body image and even women who want to look a particular way. The most negative message that advertising portrays is objectification of women and violence towards them. Women and girls need to recognize the tru e meaning behind the advertisements that we see in all aspects of media. They should not allow themselves to be objectified in any way, norRead MoreObjectification Of Women : Women1377 Words   |  6 PagescResearch Paper Slavens  1 Kayla Slavens Mrs. Wiest English 131 22 October 2014 Objectification of Women The objectification of women can simply be defined as â€Å"seeing and/or treating a [women] as an object† instead of a human being (Papadaki). Women today are portrayed as objects because of the overexposure of erotic images and scenarios in society’s media, social networking and their expectations. Say someone is buying something from the local grocery store. While they are in line they notice magazinesRead MoreWomen s Objectification Of Women3147 Words   |  13 Pages Objectification of Women in Media An Assignment Submitted by Name of Student Name of Establishment Objectification of Women in Media Introduction The mass media, in all the diversity, prevail in the contemporary society. Indeed, media technologies, as a means for mass communication, are, virtually, unavoidable, especially with the introduction of new mobile devices that enable constant access to Internet. On the one hand, the ubiquity of media enhances their attributed role as a major informationRead MoreWomen s Objectification Of Women Essay2220 Words   |  9 PagesMen’s objectification of women is a disabling act that reduces women to be considered good for no other purpose than to serve as a source of visual pleasure for their observers. It results in speculation regarding the ability of women to actually be of use to society, in any way other than merely being there as physical manifestations of beauty for men to feast upon. All emphasis is placed on the outer self and this leads to the wider belief that this is a woman’s only purpose. Thus, the potentialRead MoreThe Objectification Of Black Women1378 Words   |  6 PagesThe Objectification of Black Women â€Å"No other group in America has so had their identity socialized out of existence as have Black women†¦ when Black people are talked about the focus tends to be on Black men; and when women are talked about the focus tends to be on white women.† - Bell Hooks Imagine not being in total control of your own life, having someone else tell you what you can and cannot do. Being a prisoner and constantly being policed everyday and every second in a world that does not wantRead MoreThe Oversexualization And Objectification Of Women1528 Words   |  7 PagesThe Oversexualization and Objectification of Women On all platforms of media, women and even young girls are oversexualized; thus leading to men viewing women as no more than breasts, vaginas, legs, or any other body part they prefer. Even in current television shows, movies, comic books, and advertisements, women are still depicted as sexual objects, which can damage a woman’s confidence. The oversexualization of women s bodies can degrade a young woman’s confidence, and when girls try to boostRead MoreMedia Objectification of Women1389 Words   |  6 PagesMedia Objectification of Women â€Å"Dreamworlds 3† To be sociologically mindful is to look for patterns in the society, observe all sides of the social life, ask questions, and seek answers. Being sociologically mindful can lead us to looking into matters that are complex and allow us the opportunity to understand the mechanism behind the division of our society. Race and gender seems to be the most obvious divide lines for this society. While race can sometimes be overlooked in society, discriminationRead MoreThe Sexual Objectification Of Women1403 Words   |  6 PagesWomen have been objectified, and in many cases, insulted or degraded, for decades. It is important to note that to objectify means to â€Å"degrade to the status of a mere object† (Oxford). With the rapid increase of technology, advertising in the media, social media, and the internet, there has been a tremendous increase in the sexual objectification of women. In many aspects, digital images play a major role in the sexual objectification of women. The majori ty of these images consist of advertisementsRead MoreEffects Of The Objectification Of Women3623 Words   |  15 Pages Effects of the Objectification of Women in Music: Societal Acceptance of Permissive Sexual Attitudes Christian Herrera Huntington University Author Note This paper was prepared for Mass Communication taught by Dr. Kevin Miller. Abstract In recent years, three firms have taken control of over 75 percent of the music industry: Universal Music Group, Sony Music, and Warner Music Group (McIntosh Pavlik, 2004, p. 99). Because these record labels do not profit from music styles thatRead MoreThe Permissive Objectification of Women1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Permissive Objectification of Women The poems â€Å"On Sharing a Husband† and â€Å"Things Cheaply Had† illustrate the struggle of women to survive in a male dominated culture. Both poems express a straightforward idea of the objectification of women in two distinct cultures. A close investigation of imagery and diction in both poems reveal the permissive nature of the objectification of women. In accordance, both poems do not hide the idea of being objectified, but conceals the idea of a need to

Discrimination And Stratification During The Nineteenth...

In the nineteenth century America was flourishing; it was coasting on new inventions and ideas like the cotton gin, steam engine and manifest destiny. However, through this all, the balance of social and economical order was being weighed in favor of the wealthy and powerful. All American societies dating way back to the very first at Jamestown and Plymouth, have had social stratifications. As the population has grown in America, and the capacity for industry and wealth increased, the stratification has only become more staggering. There is a natural tendency for dominance, power, and greed amongst millions of Americans. This is tendency is prevalent going all the way back to the nineteenth century. This said tendency for dominance and power, is a prime factor of discrimination and stratification. In the nineteenth century, as the wealthy grew wealthier, and the poor grew poorer, there was a great overlying debate over the social class and economic differences and their justifi cation. Some defended this difference in social and economic standing. These included social darwinists, slave owners, and the richest of monopolizers. Others, like abolitionists and social reform groups, challenged this idea of a staggering social and economic order. Each faction gathered used a whole array of ideas to prove their points. In the nineteenth century, many Americans challenged the stratification of the economic and social order using moral, scientific, and philosophical ideas,Show MoreRelatedRacial Discrimination During The 20th Century3606 Words   |  15 Pagesfive million Africans and brought them back to Brazil to work on sugar plantations, creating a power dynamic that has lasted for centuries. After nearly four hundred years of slavery, freed black men and women were left with no education, place to live, or family, placing them at an economic disadvantage from the beginning. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, following emancipation, whit e men began to procreate with indigenous and African women, creating a mixed or mulatto race, whichRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of August Strindberg s Play Miss Julie1706 Words   |  7 PagesWhen they look at a scenario involving two people they are interested in who is winning, who is losing, and how the shifting power struggles influence the outcome of the interaction. According to Federico in Sociology: Second Edition, social stratification is â€Å"a system for ranking individuals and groups who share unequally in the distribution of wealth, prestige, and power,† it is used as a way of classifying a persons role in their society (552). The social structure Strindberg has delineated inRead MoreSocial Stratification : Racial Stratification1878 Words   |  8 Pages#000824068 Week 16 May 6, 2016 Sociology Final Project Stratification 1.1: Racial Stratification Social stratification, as described by our textbook, is the structuring of inequalities between groups in society, in terms of their access to material or symbolic rewards. Essentially, social stratification ranks people in a society in a vertical arrangement, also known as a hierarchy, which defines them as superior or inferior. In terms of racial stratification, this means that some populations that share certainRead MoreKarl Marx and Marx Weber Essay1141 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx and Marx Weber The latter part of the nineteenth century was teeming with evolved social and economical ideas. These views of the social structure of industrial society came about through the development of ideals taken from past revolutions such as the Industrial Revolution which steamed ahead paving the way for growing commerce, and widened the gap between the classes. The developmentRead MoreRacism : Racism And Racial Discrimination1425 Words   |  6 Pagesof discrimination that are unintentional, such as making assumptions about preferences or abilities of others based on racial stereotypes, whether to include symbolic or institutionalized forms of discrimination such as the circulation of ethnic stereotypes through the media, and whether to include the sociopolitical dynamics of social stratification that sometimes have a racial component. In sociology and psychology, some definitions include only consciously malignant forms of discrimination. SomeRead MoreRabbit Proof Fence1412 Words   |  6 Pagesconform to the white population. Race and white supremacy are prevalent themes, as well as the struggle for power. Through Rabbit Proof Fence one is able to see the first hand negative effects of social stratification and cultural imperialism in a society. Moreover, social stratification is the ranking of people in a society. In Rabbit Proof Fence one’s race plays a key role in their ranking.    Race is a convenient cultural construction based on one’s skin type rather than phonotypical featuresRead MoreEssay on The Growing Battle for Womens Equality1519 Words   |  7 Pagesequality. The Second National Womens Rights Convention is held in 1851. In 1852 Susan B. Anthony sets up the Womens New York State Temperance Society, and Stanton acts as the president. In 1860 women fill in for men in the factories and stores during the Civil War. Anthony and Stanton draft a petition demanding for Congress to initiate an amendment to prohibit several states from disenfranchising any citizens on the grounds of sex in 1866. Then in 1869 the National Woman Suffrage AssociationRead MoreIndi a s Indian Caste System2031 Words   |  9 Pagessouthern Europe. Through Lieberson’s and Noel’s Model (1968), both consider the importance of initial group contact however the Aryans used Lieberson’s migrant subordination as well as being ethnocentric to the indigenous culture by creating a stratification system. When they first entered India, they met the Dravidians who they contrasted with both in their skin-color and in their cultures. The Aryans began conquering northern India, pushing the Indians farther south, and started to disrespect andRead More The Struggles of Mexicans in Mexican-American History Essay2031 Words   |  9 Pagessettlements throughout the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries induced Mestizaje, the outcome of racial interbreeding. Mestizaje was the product of racial interbreeding with Indian, black, and mixed-blood women(Vargas 62). Due to the diverse mixture of races and color in the region, one’s social and legal s tatus depended on one’s skin color, which is a problem in Mexican history that can also be seen in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The lighter and therefore wealthier MexicansRead MoreRace And Ethnic Stratification Research Paper2992 Words   |  12 PagesEssay 2: Race and Ethnic Stratification Research Paper In 1957, Malaysia became an independent country and in 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act. Within seven years, the two countries underwent critical transformations from a history of systematic oppression to new freedoms. Both the United States and Malaysia are comprised of multiple ethnicities, races, and dynamics that define their social and economic relationships. Because of the timing of social and economic change

Jewish Celebrations Free Essays

Jewish Celebrations – Individual Questions 39†² blue]0111eranchers103 A. Briefly explain the significance of your celebration (historical events/key themes) Yom HaShoah, Or Holocaust Remembrance Day, iS a very important Jewish Holiday. IVS their day Of morning the victims and reflecting on the events that took place during the holocaust (January 30, 1933 – May 8, 1945). We will write a custom essay sample on Jewish Celebrations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yom HaShoah gives them a chance to get together as a community or With their families to remember and pay respect to the 6 000 000 Jews Who died. Mourning, respect, and remembrance are defiantly the key themes to this day. B. Identify the time of year It is celebrated, plus the symbols and/or foods used during the celebrations? Yom HaShoah takes place on the 27th of the month of Nisan (March/April) and lasts only 1 day. Unless the 27th would be adjacent to Shabbat, n which case the date s shifted by a day. It marks the anniversary at the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Since t’s a relatively new holiday there arent actually that many ntuals or symbols. The only one I could find that was a symbol is the 6 candles that Jews light In their homes and in the synagogues that represent the six million Jews who were killed during the holocaust. Radio stations feature recitation of appropriate songs and readings. television stations play Holocaustthemed films or a program featuring Holocaust survivors sharing their stories. C. Read the scriptural passage that is related to your topic. Explain how the celebration is connected to the scriptural passage. Each synagogue celebrates it a little differently. It’s common that the Kaddish (on attached page) is recited, which is a prayer for the departed. Yom HaShoah is Remembrance Day of the holocaust, which is why the Kaddish is completely fitting. In recent years a new literary scroll has been created. This scroll iS called ‘Megillat Hashoah† (The Holocaust Scroll) created by the Conservative movement as a joint project Of rabbis and lay-leaders in Canada, the u. S. , and Israel. This Holocaust scroll contains personal recollections Of Holocaust survivors and iS written in biblical style. It’S becoming more common for this scroll to be read ‘n a ritual style on Vorn Hashoah_ some ceriornonies have people read from the book of names for certain lengths of time to give understanding of the huge numbers of victims. D. Why do you think it Is important for people to celebrate their past? In the sense of this holiday for Jewish people I think it’s Important to celebrate their past to remember all they have lost. and to be proud of all they have over come. Its also important to remember and celebrate their loved ones and the heroism ot there people. People must look back and learn about all aspect of history, good and bad, to ensure that the bad dont repeat ever again. By blueJollieranchers103 Yom Hashoah, or Holocaust Remembrance Day, is a very important Jewish Holiday. It’s their day of morning the victims and reflecting on the events that took place uring the holocaust Oanuary 30, 1933 – May 8, 1945). Yom Hashoah gives them a chance to get together as a community or with their families to remember and pay respect to the 6 000 000 Jews who died. Mourning, respect, and remembrance are B. Identify the time of year it is celebrated, plus the symbols and/or foods used Yom Hashoah takes place on the 27th of the month of Nisan (March/April) and lasts only 1 day. Unless the 27th would be adjacent to Shabbat, in which case the date is shifted by a day. It marks the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Since it’s a relatively new holiday there aren’t actually that many rituals or symbols. The only one I could find that was a symbol is the 6 candles that Jews light in their readings, television stations play Holocaust-themed films or a program featuring attached page) is recited, which is a prayer for the departed. Yom Hashoah is recent years a new literary scroll has been created. This scroll is called â€Å"Megillat Hashoah† (The Holocaust Scroll) created by the Conservative movement as a Joint project of rabbis and lay-leaders in Canada, the U. S. , and Israel. This Holocaust scroll ontains personal recollections of Holocaust survivors and is written in biblical style. It’s becoming more common for this scroll to be read in a ritual style on Yom Hashoah. Some Ceriomonies have people read from the book of names for certain D. Why do you think it is important for people to celebrate their past? In the sense of this holiday for Jewish people I think it’s important to celebrate their past to remember all they have lost, and to be proud of all they have over come. It’s also important to remember and celebrate their loved ones and the heroism of bad, to ensure that the bad don’t repeat ever again. How to cite Jewish Celebrations, Papers

Introduction to Marketing Power of Customers

Question: Discuss about the Introduction to Marketing for the Power of Customers. Answer: Introduction The marketing plan of a company focuses on increased brand image as well as reinforcement of the product in the mind of the customers. It is formulated to boost the levels of sales of a certain range of product of a company. However, in this study, marketing plan of 3M gloves will be discussed in a detailed manner. In the gloves range of 3M, Refinishing Gloves are selected for re-launch in the Australian market. 3M has huge varieties of products with a high brand reputation all over the world. The company is known for its quality and innovation in the market. 3M sells more than 4000 products in different countries of the world. The report will formulate a marketing plan for the re-launch of Refinishing Gloves in the market of Australia. It is found that the Refinishing gloves do not have popularity compared to same products of the competitors. The new plan will cover many aspects such as SWOT Analysis, micro, macro and internal environment analysis along with a detailed description o f the marketing plan. Apart from that, the new marketing plan will be formulated in an innovative way so that it can accomplish the marketing goals and objectives of the product at the strategic level. The target market chosen for formulating the marketing plan for is Australia. Situational Analysis Macro Environment Analysis Macro Environment Analysis for 3M Refinishing Gloves illustrates PESTEL Analysis. Political factors: Politically Australia is safe in nature. The multinational companies are investing in Australian subcontinent. The adaptability of the country to tackle the tough economic conditions is ranked first globally. The high rate of transparency and efficiency is maintained affecting business operations. Economic factors: GDP and per capita income of Australia is very high. Australia ranks the second position regarding average wealth. Switzerland holds the first position with the high market economy. Hence, it can be said that it is a wealthy country. 3M has the massive scope of re-launching its Refinishing gloves in the Australian market as the country is witnessing high economic growth last year (Papadopoulos and Heslop 2014). Social factors: As it is earlier mentioned that Australia is a wealthy country, people spend more for buying their necessary things. Social factors include culture, nature of the population of Australia. This environment is beneficial for the company for increasing the revenue by a substantial amount of sales of the Refinishing gloves. Technological factors: Australia is very developed regarding technical dimensions. The country has many companies in IT sector that have introduced many technical systems that improved the technical dearth in the nation. 3M can take this as an advantage in expanding its business operations all over Australia. These technologies will help in manufacturing and distribution of the products in the market (Zeriti et al. 2014). Environmental factors: Change in weather conditions, climate, and temperature, includes the environmental factors. Apart from that, pollution and global warming is a burning issue that can affect the productivity of 3M in their facility plants. However, there are many environmental protection acts that can create a positive impact on the profitability of the Refinishing Gloves of 3M (Ryan 2014). Legal factors: Trade laws and other tax laws are for the foreign companies. The government of Australia has given much leverage to the multinational corporations that have helped them in flourishing their trade across different parts of Australia. However, laws and regulations in certain circumstances can create an impact on the spending nature and buy behavior of Australian consumers. Laws of age discrimination and disability discrimination somehow create a negative impact on the business operations of 3M (Armstrong et al. 2014). Micro Environment Analysis The microenvironment of 3M Refinishing Gloves refers to customers, banks, people, suppliers, competitors, employees, distributors, media and trade unions. Trade unions of 3M have a dominant role in the manufacturing facility of 3M Refinishing gloves. Customers include the target customers for the specific product of the company. People include external public of Australia. It is the responsibility of the company to maintain a good reputation among the public of the country. The needs and demands of the public should be satisfied by Refinishing Gloves of 3M (Kotler et al. 2015). Quality and innovative products delivery to the customers is the main responsibility of the company towards its clients. Suppliers are vital for any business to run. The providers are responsible for the supply of raw materials to the facility site of the gloves of 3M. Banks are the financial institutions that help in financing the business of the company. The suppliers-company relation must be good so that th e productivity will be increased. It is the responsibility of the gloves division of 3M for giving privileges to the suppliers and distributors so that they remain loyal to the company (Warren 2015). Apart from that, competitors play a vital role in developing an effective marketing plan for the selected products. Media partners, in this case, play a critical role that helps in the promotion of the product in the Australian market. The company must select good media partners that are responsible for the promotion of the Refinishing gloves among the target market. Internal Environment Analysis Internal environment analysis includes Mc Kinseys 7S model. Strategy: It can be divided into long term and short term strategy. However, the marketing plan of 3M refinishing gloves is short term in nature. Structure: Structure describes the organization chart of the company. 3M has the clean structure of reporting to the immediate supervisors. The marketing department can report to the strategic team or the senior management if any changes are required in the re-launching plan of the product in the market (Gonzalez-Padron et al. 2016). Style: It refers to the leadership style followed by the leaders within the company. The enterprise is known for its famous leaders that manage its innovation. Leaders of the business, especially in the marketing team, will follow participative leadership so that everybody can take part in formulating the plan for re-launch of the product in the Australian market. Staff: The employees of the marketing team along with the other department are competent enough for the formulation of the marketing plan. 3M is a global company with a high brand reputation (Chernev 2015). Systems: The business processes included in the enterprise are termed as systems that are responsible for effective performance in the workplace. Skills: It includes various technical, interpersonal, management, leadership and intrapersonal skills that will help in driving the team towards better productivity. Shared Values: It refers to the values of the company that must be incorporated among the employees of the company (Berman 2016). SWOT Analysis Strengths: Employee base of 3M is very strong. The diversified products of the company serve in many countries around the world. The refinishing glove of 3M has the strong financial condition. Apart from that, the strong brand image is one of the most strength of the company which will help in a boost of the sales of the gloves. Weaknesses: Environmental and litigations issues of the company are responsible for the ill brand image and profitability of 3M refinishing gloves. 3M is the market leader in its domain. Wrong steps in the marketing approach would diminish the reputation of the brand (Crespy and Miller 2015). Opportunities: The market of Australia is economically very stable. Effective marketing strategies will help in attracting more customers towards the product. The global image of the company will assist in strengthening the brand of the refinishing gloves. The innovative product will indeed hit the market. Threats: The competitors of the company are considered as a threat to the enterprise in the market. It can cause a loss of the market share in Australia. Price sensitive customers may switch the brand if the competitors provide better facilities at a low price. Strategic marketing plan Marketing Goals The objective of the marketing plan is to perform all the activities within a stipulated budget. Proper time and budget allocation is the primary key to success of the plan formulated for the refinishing gloves of 3M. It is seen that the previous marketing plan of the product is not effective. The brand awareness of the product is very little. The pricing strategy of the product is premium pricing which should be incorporated in the re-launch plan of the refinishing gloves of 3M in the market. The strategic goals include profit, price, sales, brand awareness, and product objectives. Added benefits are included in the section of product objectives that will help in increasing the demand for the product among the target market (S. Whalen and M. Boush 2014). The refinishing gloves do not belong to niche category like the other products of 3M. Hence, the company has to introduce various traditional methods of advertisement techniques in the goal setting aspect of the marketing plan. Howe ver, it is the responsibility of the marketers of the product to convey the goals and objectives of the plan to the people associated with the plan for gaining insight into the effectiveness of it in the long run. Marketing Mix Product: Refinishing Gloves is the product that is selected for formulating the marketing plan. This is a unique commercial product that is very beneficial for the customers of Australia. The gloves will protect the hands of the user from stains and polishes. It will offer reliable and comfortable protection at the time of refinishing the surfaces of furniture. The added benefits that are provided with the product as the product objectives are flocked cotton lining, puncture resistant and textured palm regarding gripping purpose. Customers can avail many benefits if they use it properly (Tugut et al. 2015). Price: Premium pricing is the universal pricing strategy that is adopted by 3M throughout their all product categories. Customers are willing to pay premium charges for their products due to the high brand reputation in the market. Premium decoy pricing can be done in this case to collect revenue from other categories of gloves of 3M. It is the best pricing strategy for re-launch of a product (Paliwoda and Thomas 2013). Place: Re-launching of the product will be commenced in shopping malls, trade fairs, retail shops, company-owned stores of 3M, etc. Marketing of the gloves in these areas will attract a huge customer base. It would result in an increase in sales. The enterprise has to maintain a good relationship with the suppliers and distributors that help in the smooth flow of products in the retail outlets (Hsu et al. 2016). Promotion: It is the most vital part of the re-launch of refinishing gloves as the previous marketing plan did not provide desirable results. This time, the company has to focus on the promotion of the gloves. 3M is known for its low traditional development of its products. The budget that is allocated for the whole marketing plan should be utilized maximum in the promotional activities of the refinishing gloves. The traditional channels of advertisement include print ads, radio promotion, newspaper ads, television, etc. Apart from these, the company also focuses on different online media marketing channels for tapping more customer segments regarding the re-launch of the refinishing gloves of 3M (Pearson 2013). However, in-store promotions such as point of purchase, point of sales, offers, discounts should be done in the preliminary stage to drag the attention of the shoppers towards the product i.e. refinishing gloves. Conclusion The study illustrates a detailed description of the marketing of an existing product of 3M i.e. refinishing gloves. There are many other types of gloves that the company is manufacturing. This product needs re-launch in the Australian market. A marketing plan along with situational analysis is provided in the report. It will help the marketer to commence the marketing mix for the gloves in an efficient manner. The marketing department will utilize the budget that is allocated by the strategic management department of the company so that the product can enjoy the successful high brand image. The product on successful marketing campaign will have increased sales. It would lead to improved productivity. Refinishing Gloves of 3M will be able to earn a good brand image in the Australian market. References Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S., and Kotler, P., 2014. Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Berman, B., 2016. Referral Marketing: Harnessing the power of your customers. Business Horizons,59(1), pp.19-28. Chernev, A., 2015.The marketing plan handbook. Cerebellum Press. Crispy, C.T. and Miller, V.V., 2015. Toward a Taxonomy of Marketing Strategies: Issues and Evidence. In Proceedings of the 1985 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 261-265). Springer International Publishing. Gonzalez-Padron, T.L., Hult, G.T.M. and Ferrell, O.C., 2016. A Stakeholder Marketing Approach to Sustainable Business.Marketing in and for a Sustainable Society (Review of Marketing Research, Volume 13) Emerald Group Publishing Limited,13, pp.61-101. Hsu, L., Fournier, S. and Srinivasan, S., 2016. Brand architecture strategy and substantial value: how leveraging, separating and distancing the corporate brand affects risk and returns. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,44(2), pp.261-280. Kotler, P., Keller, K.L., Manceau, D. and Hmonnet-Goujot, A., 2015.Marketing management(Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Paliwoda, S. and Thomas, M., 2013.International marketing. Routledge. Papadopoulos, N. and Heslop, L.A., 2014.Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge. Pearson, D., 2013.The 20 Ps of Marketing: A complete guide to marketing strategy. Kogan Page Publishers. Ryan, D., 2014.Understanding digital marketing: marketing strategies for engaging the digital generation. Kogan Page Publishers. Whalen, P. and M. Boush, D., 2014. Why, how and to what effect do firms deviate from their intended marketing plans? Towards a taxonomy of post plan improvisations.European Journal of Marketing,48(3/4), pp.453-476. Tugut, M., Arnold, M.J. and Carlson, B.D., 2015. Consumer Choice Between Hedonic and Utilitarian Recovery Options in Service Failures: A Mood Regulation Perspective. InThe Sustainable Global Marketplace(pp. 426-426). Springer International Publishing. Warren, H.B., 2015. 3M: A Critical Thinking Tool for Multicultural Marketers. InProceedings of the 1998 Multicultural Marketing Conference(pp. 348-353). Springer International Publishing. Zeriti, A., Robson, M.J., Spyropoulou, S. and Leonidou, C.N., 2014. Sustainable export marketing strategy fit and performance.Journal of International Marketing,22(4), pp.44-66.