Genealogy of Alfalfa :: Plants Environment Planting History Essays

Genealogy of Alfalfa In this paper on the genealogy of alfalfa I will begin by telling you about the background and history of alfalfa in the United States. Secondly, I will tell you about the different sources of alfalfa germplasm. Next, I will talk about different studies and experiments that have been done to diversify the breeds of alfalfa. Finally, I will tell you about the genetic makeup of alfalfa and what distinguishes it from other popular plants. Alfalfa otherwise known today as the â€Å"Queen of Forage† is thought to have originated in Iran over 2,400 years ago. It was the only forage crop that was cultivated before recorded history therefore the history of its origin isn’t one-hundred percent accurate. The first attempt to grow alfalfa in the United States was recorded in Georgia in the year 1736. The introduction of alfalfa to California came first by Spanish settlers and later by Europeans. The Europeans were headed to California during the gold rush. They obtained alfalfa seed when sailing around South America. Alfalfa flourished in the western states because of its favorable climate. Because alfalfa has a good yield, is palatable, and has a high value of nutrition. Word spread and so did the planting. Alfalfa then spread eastward to the Midwestern states. The distribution of alfalfa to states east of the Mississippi river was a failure due to its acid soils, plant disease, and humidity. Most of the genetic diversities of alfalfa come from nine germplasm sources. These nine germplasm sources are M. falcate, M. varia, Turkistan, Flemish, Chilean, Peruvian, Indian, and African. According to Barnes, Bingham, Murphy, Hunt, Beard, Skrdla, and Teubar â€Å"M. falcata has orange-yellow flowers and an early fall dormancy therefore it is known to have a heavy first cutting and a light second cutting. It also has some bacterial wilt and foliar disease resistances. Strains were usually classified as M. varia because they had variegated flower colors and variable pod shapes. M. varia sources were introduced to South Dakota in 1907 as seed from a single hybrid plant found in Russia. These sources are winter hardy, more vigorous than M. falcata and are susceptible to bacterial wilt. Turkistan alfalfas have been described as poor seed producers, susceptible to leaf diseases, and resistant to many insects and crown and root disease. They vary in winter hardiness from moderately hardy to hardy.

Environmentalism in Manga and Anime :: Environmentalism Environment Essays

Environmentalism in Manga and Anime In Western news stories, Japan and the environment usually only come up together in one form: Japan is ruining the environment. Japan is hunting endangered whales; Japan is overfishing depleted fishing stocks; Japan has walled up the last of its wild rivers; Japan is building up all its wild areas. All these accusations are, unfortunately, true to some large degree. Even in anime, all too often what we see are images that point to a continuation of the current trend: metal and concrete mega-cities, like those in the anime Dominion, Akira, Gunnm, or in Bubblegum Crisis, or any of the other hard science-fiction worlds. Not a pleasant picture --- and in fact, in those "cyberpunk"-ish stories, the world is not a pleasant place to be in, in general. But, running through other works is a thread of a different hue. Listen closely, and a different voice is heard --- the voice of dissent, the voice protesting the loss of green spaces and clean waters and open air. Where has this voice come from? I'm not quite qualified to say for sure, but I can guess. Some of it is obvious: people who are tired of seeing tranquil forests razed, or seeing their favorite beach turned into a concrete nightmare (such as in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan); people who read the news and hear of oil spills and extinctions and pollution problems. But another aspect is surely the traditional sense of Taoism that runs deep in Japanese culture. Taoism was the primary influence for ancient Asian paintings depicting humans and their habitations as mere tiny decorations on sweeping mountain vistas. Shintoism, along with traditional Chinese beliefs, helped add the concept of spirits and deities residing in trees and rocks and even household items. The sum of these philosophis suggests that humans should work within nature --- and this belief can be seen reflected in even some of today's modern manga. Whatever the reason, though, the environmentalist call comes up loud and clear in many places. Perhaps the best example is in the works of the father of manga himself, Tezuka Osamu. Some are familiar with his Jungle Taitei series ("Kimba the White Lion"). But Tezuka's fondness for animals and wildlife extends beyond the children's story. If we look at Black Jack (of Black Jack), we see a maverick, unlicensed, brilliant surgeon who charges ridiculous fees for his work. What does the normally cold-hearted Black Jack use the vast sums of money for?

Hispanic vs. Pakistani: Gender Roles in Society Essay

When a culture has a way of doing things, it is supposed to be like that till the end of time. Little did ancestors know, with the way society evolved some customs cannot stay the same. Jobs are now created for both men and women and money has become more of a necessity to survive. Looking at two cultures in particular, Hispanics and Pakistanis, they both have diverse views on the roles of their men and women. In addition to what is permissible and frowned upon in a culture. They each allow distinctive roles to be played in society such as workforce, and or domestication. However, the cultures both had become affected by changes such as bills, taxes, keeping a home up, providing for children, and the requirements to be allowed a career. At the beginning of time these cultures first started out, nothing else was known but what they created and put in their own minds. Both Hispanic and Pakistani men made it their mindset that they must be the provider, the one waited on. Being a working Hispanic man with no formal education, minimum wage is about $7.25 an hour. With only that kind of pay many men cannot be the only provider for their family, household, or bills therefore many endure hardships. Some men wait behind buildings, or in alleys waiting for the average man seeking cheap labor just for any extra money they can receive. In Pakistan, â€Å"the minimum wage for the factory: 4600 RPK per month (equivalent to 37 US cents an hour for a 48-hour workweek) plus the required 44.23 rupees/hr overtime for more than the standard 48-hour workweek in Pakistan (equivalent to 74 US cents an hour)† (Cook). Nevertheless, some men go against how things should be and take on the role of a stay at home dad, while women financially provide for their family. There is no set role in the society people love in today, as times changes so do people to better adapt to the way of living. When the word â€Å"woman† was spoken, many thought, subservient towards men. Contrasting men, women were treated as if they had no backbone or way of doing as they chose in the Hispanic or Pakistani cultures. The role of a woman was, awake, clean thy home till spotless, bear to all children and husband needs, and make sure food was freshly made and served by the time their husband was home from work. Without an approval from their husband, any economic activities, such as employment and ownership of property were prohibited. However, with society altering so swiftly, a man making all decisions is not a worry of many women now. â€Å"The factor most responsible for the earlier high growth rate was the rapid increase in the labor force participation rate of women, which stood at 34 percent in 1950 and increased to 60 percent by 2000. The number of women in the labor force rose from 18 million in 1950 to 66 million in 2000..† (Toossi). Women found the reason to start working actual jobs to have a better chance of surviving in society and it’s vast changes. Hispanic women have the chance of a formal education, but if not financially able there are many low-class jobs that do not require a proper education. Most Hispanic women who are single mothers, or are the only person providing find quick and easy jobs like janitors, maids, servers, and retail, receiving only minimum wage or a little higher. * How much pakistani women get paid without formal education, how do they survive?

The Thread That Runs So True A Brief Summary

The vivid detail puts the reader into era that Stuart lived. He gives some information about his life, but most importantly he tells about the community in which he taught school and the ideas of the people around that time, and the emphasis they put on education. He talks about his sister and how that may have been the deciding factor that made him choose to teach. He talk about Lonesome valley and the people there, along with his long time friend Don Conway. Guy Hawkins is probably one of the most pivotal people in his career he came across.Some of the things Stuart had to do in his career would definitely not be acceptable in this day a time. The first chapter of the book tells how his decision to teach and where he chose as his first school was at. His sister had taught there a year earlier and one of the students Guy Hawkins had blacked both her eyes and beat her up pretty bad. He lied about his age to get the teaching certificate. His parents questioned his motive for teaching and choosing the school he chose. He assured them it was not for vengeance.Stuart was not intentionally looking for a fight but he was determined not to let them get away With hurting his sister. When he got the job he was shocked at the condition of the school house ND how the people in the area didn't make their kids go to school. He did understand in those times all members of the family had to help with the chores of the house. Once the crops were harvested then the attendance picked up. It was a one room school with grades one through eight. He was expecting the student who beat up his sister to in ideate the encode enter.One that Stuart was not looking forward to he was smaller than Guy. Late one day Guy came sneaking around the school looking for Stuart. In the school house he confronted him and told Stuart about beating up his sister and he was ongoing to do the same to him. Stuart had run this encounter through his mind more than once his preparedness gave him an upper hand . When Guy lunged for Stuart it was pretty much over from the start. Stuart was the victor he won the fight. But more importantly he won the respect of Guy and the whole community.Stuart was the only person to defeat Guy in a fight. Plus Lonesome Valley people lived with the mentality might makes right. The stronger your was the better. He cleaned up the school house and repainted it. The next year he had a better idea of what he had to do. The attendance picked up, he was involved in his kid's lives. And he showed a lot in the community how a proper education was worth its weight in coal. One of the people in the community came by with a wagon of coal. He had his students estimate its weight.When the man took it to market he was shocked to see he had been cheating himself for many years because he was inaccurately calculating how much he had. Jesse realized how politics and social structure played a part in the general lives. People judged everyone on just about everything where th ey went to church what they wore, or who they talked to. It was a very judgmental and politically motivated time. He became interested in a women in the next town, he tells about one night getting ambushed while walking to see her. He was egged and had gunshots fired over his head.He took his class out of this one room school and put them against a city school in an academic challenge and won. Shocking most of the people in the big city school who made fun of the group as they entered town. His way of teaching and figuring what needed to be done in the classroom was what got his students the achievements they did. His determination to succeed is what fueled his willingness to teach. From his time at this school he went on to be principal at Landlubbers High. He still walked to school because teacher salaries were not much.It took dedicated people to be teachers. He faced similar challenges as far as attendance goes. He started his career as principal walking to school five miles it was then he found out people were questioning if he died his clothes because they were discovered. That is when he learned of an unwritten rule about the principal having to live in town. When he moved to the local hotel e seen why he had attendance problems. His students were out all hours of the night. He observed them drinking, gambling and rebel rousing.He came across a game behind the school fence one day as he walked by he asked ‘ oho was winning† causing the students to scramble. He said nothing to them it was the anticipation that was torturing the students. But one thing he learned was if the POT was not in agreement he was not going to get anywhere with punishments. When they called a meeting and during the meeting he was accused of letting it go on he confronted them. Telling them exactly what he observed and what children were involved, many were prominent figures in the community.It was then that he was able to implement changes and make the school better fo r all the students at the time. Throughout Stuart career as an educator he had many trials and triumphs. What was amazing is how education was view at the time. The emphasis was not to educate but to give them something to do in the off season of farming in rural Kentucky. In the city it was not as much as the off season but the social standing was what decided whether the child was a success in life. It as interesting to see how much teachers got paid and how they were at the mercy of the people who sponsored them.

Study of Customer Service in the Largest Telecommunications Companies Essay

Study of Customer Service in the Largest Telecommunications Companies in the Sultanate of Oman - Essay Example The current global business atmosphere presents a very competitive atmosphere than it has ever been. Therefore, if an organization is unable to offer goods or services when clients need them then there are other multiple companies instantly ready to rise and fill the void. Organizations have only one opportunity to make their first impression; however, when business leaders fail to clinch onto this fact or remain unwilling to offer appropriate resources for meeting the needs of customers, then the organizations are prone to finding themselves struggling for business. According to James (2000), quality is customer’s general view regarding the relative strength or weakness of service; hence, customer satisfaction relies on experiences of personal service transactions and opinions regarding the general service accorded. Therefore, prior experience by a customer can significantly increase or diminish the level of customer expectation; therefore, the largest Oman telecommunication companies have an opportunity for improving their value by the way they present customer care. The research objective for the project is the evaluation of the customer service within the main telecommunications businesses in Oman. Literature Review According to Robin (2007), as a part of making sure customer services is enhanced, it is very essential for companies to see the degree to which their own goods or services gratify the customers. Berry Moller (2006) established that organizations in both service and manufacturing industries seek to be in good terms with customers with regard to customer care; therefore, the organizations introduce service innovations in order to develop value and remain competitive. Relationship value is essential, and can be gained by offering the best services such as customer care together with relationship quality among others that are able show strong impact on satisfaction (Michel & Gallan, 2008). According to Koumar (2008), measure of sales, the nu mber of people in relation to them taking into account other services such as technical ability, knowledge, as well as pricing requirements may establish strength of relations with customers. According to Brose (2008), the pace of response, the rates of customer contact as well as the scale of cooperation among others are considered as one of the most necessary services a client can anticipate for from a vendor. Paul (2008) stated that people who possess positive experiences in corporations’ customer service department are likely to inform two or three other people regarding the experience, as Consumer Affairs website successfully established; therefore, superior quality customer service serves as a source of endorsement for organizations. According to Rogers (2003), 82% of customers move from one company to another because of customer service issue; therefore, if this is anything to go by, then offering superior quality customer service ought to be taken seriously by all bus inesses including the largest telecommunication companies in Oman. An exemplary customer service acts as an essential value-added service to businesses in an attempt of offering customers of any organization an

Landmines in Vietnam and War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Landmines in Vietnam and War - Research Paper Example Claiming over five hundred victims a week, landmines are weapons of mass destruction in slow motion† (Relief Web 2011). It can be clearly seen that landmines have become a threat in the society and should be removed on humanitarian grounds. U.S participation in Vietnam was extremely controversial and consequently it was considered to be an awfully unstable country during the late 1950’s and 1960’s. All through the Vietnam War, landmines were utilized by the United States plus the North South Vietnamese military. Majority of the landmines were placed intentionally and were created commercially by china and the U.S, yet, as a minimum one- third of these were made spontaneously by locals. These landmines that Vietcong made were formed on the battleground with bamboos and volatile weapons of American armaments that did not detonate. Since the nature of the Vietnam War was guerilla, the conventional blockade theory of the landmine was no more applicable so as a result the armed forces invented a new use for those landmines. These landmines were released from the planes to occupy bigger areas as scattered landmine orderliness put in a new aspect to the grounds of mine war. According to Sarah Elizabeth â€Å"properly employed, scattered landmines provides the commander with a rapid, flexible and effective means for delaying, harassing, containing or canalizing the movement of enemy ground forces while simultaneously reducing the significant manpower and material requirement previously associated with the employment of landmines† this new method altered the use of landmines from being a protective and defending weapon to an offensive one. Landmines are distinctively ferocious in the time of recent or traditional war not just for the reason of their horrifying personal effect, but additionally because of their lasting societal and monetary obliteration. The Vietnam Battle rutted America opposed to communism and was an unforgettable model of a conflict that can be identified as a cold war. The mere thought of Vietnam beginning the procedure of changing to communism was unacceptable to America. As Johnson on 17, March, 1964 issued the national security memo that stated â€Å"to pressure an independent, non-Communist south Vietnam which is necessary to prevent all Southeast Asia from turning communist and prove to the rest of the world that communist wars of national liberation could be curtailed.† This statement eloquently provided the reason for the war in Vietnam and encouraged and intensified the American involvement (Smits 2007). By dropping these landmines from the plane the U.S military gained an advantage since they were able to scatter it over a large area. Moreover this new technique needed very less manpower since it only required a trained pilot. These landmines were positioned inside the territory of the enemy without the possibility of causalities of the American force. According to Mc Grath â€Å"usin g landmines as an offensive weapon by dropping them from airplanes enshrined the area-denial philosophy into military thinking.† The area denial viewpoint initially executed the region’s larger areas under war, futile to the opponent by layering it with weapons. It was anticipated that in 1965, seventy percent of sea killing was the consequence of the landmines and additional entraps created from these weapons. Vietnam

Royal Opera House analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Royal Opera House analysis - Term Paper Example d analysis of the entire organization, products, uniqueness, strengths and weaknesses of it as a business model, and other imperative sectors which will enable others to understand how this organization functions and targets its demographic in order to serve the public by meeting cultural desires of the people for entertainment and also to provide jobs for those who are employed by the ballet and opera house as performers. The organization itself is a series of different theaters, both inside and outside that are home to the ballet, opera, and orchestra and also show many other performances. Not only is there an entertainment sector, but there is also an educational sector that serves as a program for young and promising dancers and musicians to further their knowledge in hopes to try their own personal talent. The students are coached as if at a school and become more formally educated than they would at a public or private school in London. The Royal Opera House is one of the top theaters in the world. While there are numerous other theaters in the area, many are much smaller than the Royal Opera House. This organization is supported by patrons, donors, and even grants. However, additional income is earned through the bars and restaurants that are included within the Royal Opera House. Another portion that serves as a fundraising opportunity for the organization is the gift shop which offers products both for sale onsite and also on the Internet. Music and the arts as a source of entertainment is very popular in this area. Located in the City of London, it is a place where not only locals but visitors can attend performances all year long. Many of the productions are targeted toward elitists. However, many of the programs produced at the Royal Opera House are starting to focus more on the youth. One recommendation is that the Royal Opera House continue to market toward the youth both as performers and as audience members. This is an excellent